﻿( 135 .) 



RU'BIA* *. 



Linnean Class and Order. TETRA'NDRlAf. Monogy'nia. 



Natural Order. Stellate, Linn. — Lindl. Syn. p. 128. Intr. 

 to Nat. Sy.st. of Bot. p. 202. — Rubia'ce.e, Juss.Gen. PI. p. 196. — 

 Sm. Gram of But. p. 126 Engl. FI. v. i. p. 196. — Rich, by Mac- 

 > gilliv. p. 459. — Loud. Hort. Brit. p. 519. — Syringales; subord. 

 Asterosa? ; sect. Rubiacin/E; type, RubiacE/e; Burn. Outl. of 

 Bot. PP . 990, 991, 902, & 914. 



Gen. Char. Calyx none, or very small, superior, with 4 teeth. 

 Corolla (figs. 1 & 6.) of 1 petal, wheel-shaped or bell-shaped, in 

 4 or 5 deep segments, without a tube. Filaments (see fig. 6.) 4, 

 from the base of the corolla, shorter than its lunb, awl-shaped. 

 Anthers roundish, of 2 cells. Germen (fig. 2.) inferior, of 2 round 

 lobes. Style short, deeply cloven. Stigma capitate. Berry (figs. 

 3 & 4.) a smooth double globe. Seeds solitary, roundish, with a 

 central depression. The Jlowers have, in some instances, 5 seg- 

 ments, and as many stamens, (see fig. 1.) 



Distinguished from other genera, in the same class and order, by 

 the superior, monopetalous, wheel-shaped or bell-shaped corolla, 

 and pulpy, 2-lobed, 2-seeded berry. 



One species British. 



RU'BIA PEREGRI'NA. Wild Madder. 



Spec. Char. Leaves 4, or more, in a whorl, elliptical, smooth, 

 and shining on the upper surface, the margin and keel rough with 

 reflexed prickles. Flower 5-cleft. 



Engl. Bot. t. 851. — Linn. Sp. PI. p. 158. — Iluds. FI. Angl. (2nd ed.) p. 65. — 

 Sm. FI. Brit. v. i. p. 181 . Engl. FI. v i. p. 211. — \\ ith. (7th ed). v. li. p. 228. 

 Gray’s Nat. Arr. v. ii. p. ‘185. — Lindl. Syn. p. 131. — Hook. Brit. FI. p. 65. — 

 Davies’ Welsh Bolanology, p. 15.— Relh. FI. Cant. (3rded.) p.6l. — FI. Devon, 

 pp. 27 & 163. — Rev. G.E. Smith’s PI. of 3. Kent. p. 9. — Curt. Brit. Entomol. 

 v. vii. t. 327. — Alack. Catal. of PI. of Ire!, p. 18. — Rubia sylvesfris aspera, qua: 

 sylvestris Dioscoridis, Bay’s Syn. p. 223. 



Locai.itifs. — In thickets, and on stony or sandy ground in the south-west of 

 England. — Cambridqesh. Crahmarsh, near Wisbeach : Rtv. R. Rklhan. — 

 I'umberlund ; Near Keswick: Mr. Hut-ion. — Devon ; In h dges about llsing- 

 ton, Ashburton, Chudleigh, Marychurch, Torquay, Sidmouth, Exmputh, &c. 

 On rocks near the bridge at Bideford on the road between Wesileigh and Bide- 

 lord ; and about the neighbourhood of Barnstaple: Dr. Wavell. Near the 

 Devil’s Point at Stonehouse, near Plymouth: Mr. E. Forster, jun. About 

 Teignmouth and Exeter: L. W. Dii.lwyn, Esq. Common in the hedges near 

 Dawlish: Dr. Maton. — Dorset; Hedges in Purbeck ; and between White- 

 church and Milbourn St. Andrew s : Dr. Pulteney. In Portland : Mr. Lam- 

 bert. At Hod Hill, on the side next the river, in the parish of Stourpain, near 

 Blandford; Wareham on a mud wall; and at Somerpill, near Chapel : Parkin- 

 son. — Gloucestersk. In Stokes Wood opposite St. Vincent’s Rocks, Bristol: 

 Rev. G. Swayne. — Hantpsh. About Ride in the Isle of Wight. Very plentiful 

 in the under-cliff between Luccomb and Bonchurch: Mr. J. Woods, jun. — 

 Kent ; On the Cliffs at Dover, east of the caves : L. W. Dillwyn, Esq. About 



Figs. 1 & 6. Corolla. — Fig. 2. Germen, Style, and Stigmas. — Figs. 3 & 4. 

 Berries. — Fig. 5. The Root. 



* From ruber, red; from the red dye afforded by the species, especially the 

 Rubia tinctorium, which produces the true Madder, or Turkey red of com- 

 merce. Dr. Hooker. 



+ See Aspera In odorrita, folio 46, note f< 



