Tuberculosis. 
41 
not  to  be  omitted  even  in  the  case  of  an  animal  sold  with  a 
warranty  that  it  has  recently  been  tested  and  failed  to  react. 
The  most  difficult  cases  still  remain  to  be  dealt  with. 
These  are  the  cases  in  which  a large  number  of  valuable 
animals  react  to  the  first  test — a number  so  large  that  the 
owner  cannot  afford  the  sacrifice  involved  in  selling  them 
for  slaughter.  This  unfortunately  is  likely  to  prove  a common 
occurrence  in  valuable  pedigree  herds.  In  such  a case  the 
possibility  of  keeping  the  reacting  animals  until  they  lose 
their  value  with  age  has  to  be  considered.  If  accommodation 
can  be  found  at  a separate  farm  the  best  plan  is  to  move  either 
the  reacting  or  the  non-reacting  animals. 
If  a separate  farm  is  not  available  the  reacting  and  the 
non-reacting  animals  must  be  separately  housed  on  the  same 
farm.  Where  there  are  several  cow-houses  the  separation  may 
be  possible  without  any  reconstruction,  but  where  there  is 
only  one  it  may  be  divided  in  any  convenient  proportion 
by  a partition.  The  partition  may  be  either  of  wood  or 
brick,  but  it  must  extend  from  floor  to  roof  and  be  everywhere 
“ tight,”  so  as  to  prevent  air-currents  through  it.  This,  of 
course,  means  that  a separate  entrance  must  be  provided  for 
each  of  the  two  compartments  into  which  the  building  has 
been  divided.  If  possible  separate  milkers  and  attendants 
should  be  employed  for  the  two  lots  of  animals,  and  if  that 
is  considered  impracticable  the  plan  (recommended  by  Pro- 
fessor Bang)  may  be  adopted  of  providing  two  sets  of  boots 
and  overalls  for  the  workers,  the  healthy  section  being  always 
fed  and  milked  before  the  diseased  one. 
The  measures  which  ought  to  be  taken  to  preserve  from  in- 
fection the  calves  born  after  separation  of  the  cows  into  a reacting 
and  a non-reacting  group  demand  special  consideration. 
The  greatest  difficulty  in  this  connection  exists  in  the  case 
of  valuable  pedigree  stock  in  which  it  is  customary  to  allow 
each  cow  to  suckle  her  own  calf.  The  question  here  arises 
whether  this  is  permissible  in  the  case  of  the  cows  belonging 
to  the  reacting  group.  The  alternative  is  to  remove  the  calf 
from  its  dam  as  soon  as  it  is  born  or  within  a day  or  two 
afterwards,  and  either  to  provide  it  with  a foster-mother  or 
to  have  it  hand-reared.  If  a foster-mother  is  provided  it  must 
be  a non-reacting  cow,  and  if  pail-feeding  is  adopted  the  milk 
must  either  be  obtained  from  non-reacting  cows  or  be  heated 
to  80°  C.  or  over  for  fifteen  minutes  to  destroy  any  tubercle 
bacilli  that  may  be  present  in  it.  In  either  case  the  calf-house 
must  be  a separate  building,  not  communicating  with  the  one 
in  which  the  reacting  cows  are  kept. 
There  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  plan  of  removing  the  calf 
from  its  reacting  mother  at  birth  is  the  safest  one,  for  when 
