110  State  Aid  to  Agriculture  %in  Canada. 
of  Dairying.  This  officer  controls  all  business  transactions, 
except  the  delivery  of  the  cream,  which  is  arranged  for  by 
a local  board  of  directors.  The  sales  of  the  butter  are  effected 
by  the  Department,  and  the  advances  on  the  cream  are  made 
direct  to  the  patrons  (or  contributors)  twice  monthly.  Under 
dairying  statutes  of  the  province  the  Department  makes 
loans,  not  exceeding  $1,200  (246/.)  each,  to  creamery  companies 
at  3 per  cent,  interest,  the  loans  being  repayable  within 
five  years. 
In  Alberta  creameries  and  cheese  factoi’ies  are  rapidly 
increasing  in  number,  and  many  of  them  are  worked  under 
government  management.  Creamery  loans  not  exceeding 
$1,500  (308/.)  are  also  granted  at  3 per  cent,  interest.  Cold 
storage  facilities  at  Calgary,  also  provided  by  the  Government, 
are  available  for  the  storage  of  creamery  butter,  which  is  sold 
largely  in  British  Columbia  and  the  Yukon  Territory.  Ten 
co-operative  poultry  fattening  stations  are  worked  under 
government  management. 
British  Columbia. — In  this,  the  largest  and  most  picturesque 
province  of  the  Dominion,  the  local  Legislative  Assembly  has 
passed  carefully  framed  acts  establishing  farmers’  institutes, 
dairy  and  live  stock  associations,  agricultural  and  horticultural 
societies,  and  co-operative  associations.  In  additi-  n to  the 
usual  work  of  farmers'  institutes  provision  is  made  for  the 
incorporation  of  bona-fide  farmers  into  co-operative  associations 
for  the  purchase  and  sale  of  farm  produce  and  for  the  estab- 
lishment of  cheese  factories,  creameries,  fruit  canneries,  mutual 
credit  associations,  &c.  A Horticultural  Board  makes  regu- 
lations for  the  prevention  of  diseases  among  fruit  and  fruit 
trees  in  orchards  and. gardens.  Fruit  growing  being  the 
principal  agricultural  industry  of  the  province  the  government 
grants  are  largely  directed  towards  its  organisation  and 
improvement. 
Having  thus  attempted  to  describe  briefly  the  leading 
agricultural  enterprises  of  the  nine  provincial  Governments  of 
Canada,  I may  refer  the  reader  for  a comprehensive  idea  as  to 
their  nature  and  cost  to  the  statement  on  pp.  Ill  and  112.  In 
some  cases  the  amounts  there  given  are  actual  expenditures  ; 
in  others  they  are  taken  from  the  estimates  or  appropriations, 
but  in  all  cases  the  grants  represent  fairly  the  sums  actually 
available.  These  for  the  nine  provinces  make  the  total  of 
368,209/.,  which,  added  to  the  Dominion  expenditure  of 
241,386/.,  as  stated  on  page  103,  make  a total  of  609,595/.,  the 
sum  of  public  money  devoted  to  Canadian  agriculture  in  a 
year — not  including,  however,  county  and  municipal  grants  of 
considerable  aggregate  value. 
