1906-7.] Mixed Solutions of Optically- Active Substances. 
179 
Table IX. — Tartar Emetics and Cane Sugar. 
Temp. 15° C. 
Mols. per 
litre. 
Optical 
Activity. 
Solution alone. 
Solution + Sugar. 
d 
K 
d 
K 
•08 
d 
1-0157 
•00487 
1-0261 
•004665 
l 
1-0157 
•00487 
1*0261 
•004665 
r 
1-0156 
•00487 
1-0261 
•004665 
Table X. — Tartar Emetics and Cane Sugar. 
Temp. 25° C. 
•08 
d 
1-0135 
•00626 
1 0239 
•005900 
l 
1-0135 
•00623 
1-0239 
•005900 
r 
1-0134 
•00628 
1-0238 
•005900 
In the first place, it will be noticed that addition of cane sugar has 
precisely the same effect on the d-, 1-, and r-solutions, so far as viscosity, 
density, and specific electric conductivity are concerned. In only one case 
does the difference of viscosity caused by the sugar exceed 5 units in the 
fifth place ; and in that one instance it may be concluded that there is a 
slight error, for at 25° C. the same solutions agree exactly. 
In one series of experiments maltose was used in place of cane sugar. 
The reason for this was that maltose on hydrolysis gives rise to glucose 
only, whereas cane sugar on hydrolysis gives glucose and fructose ; and it 
seemed not impossible that, owing to this difference, the two sugars might 
have different effects upon the d-salts and the Z-salts. 
The maltose results are not strictly comparable with the others, because 
the water of crystallisation of the maltose was not taken into account, 
1 gram of crystallised maltose being dissolved in 35 c.c. of the solutions as 
usual. 
The maltose did not appear to have any different effect on the d - tartrate 
and ^-tartrate solutions. 
There is, however, an unmistakable difference throughout between the 
optically-active solutions and the racemic solutions. This difference is 
greater in the more concentrated solutions, and is, no doubt, an indication 
of the existence of racemic ions or molecules in the solutions. This conclu- 
sion is supported by the fact that in every case the viscosity of the racemic 
solution is smaller than that of the corresponding dextro- or laevo-solutions. 
