1903 - 4 .] Dr Munro on Man in the Palaeolithic Period. 
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II. Illustrations. 
The following illustrations are not in all cases reproductions of those 
exhibited on the screen when the address was delivered, as it was im- 
practicable to convert some of them into printing blocks. They are, how- 
ever, with few exceptions, substantially the same, only grouped differently, 
and are specially selected to elucidate the various points touched upon in 
the text. The remains of fossil man are, as yet, too meagre to afford much 
choice of illustrative materials ; but of the handiworks of the artists and 
hunters of the Palaeolithic period there is no lack, as, indeed, most of the 
principal museums of the world contain more or fewer specimens in addition 
to casts of the most remarkable pieces. Even in the Scottish metropolis, 
anyone desirous of becoming conversant with their characteristic features 
has only to visit the ethnological department of either the Museum of Science 
and Art or of the National Museum of Antiquities. The literature of the 
subject is also voluminous and much of it readily accessible, among which 
I would particularly mention the recently issued Guide to the Antiquities 
of the Stone Age in the British Museum. Owing to the roundness of the 
beam of an antler, on which these engravings are generally executed, the 
whole of the incised outlines of an animal cannot always be seen from one 
point of view, and hence a drawing is sometimes more effective than a 
photograph. The illustrations here supplied are the result of a combination 
of all available sources — original specimens, casts, photographs and drawings 
of objects not at hand being requisitioned into the work. 
A . — Evidence of Progressive Changes in the Human Skull. 
Among the bodily features which distinguish man from other 
animals the following are particularly worthy of note, viz., the 
upright attitude, with the head balanced on the top of the spinal 
column ; the double curvature of the spine ; the great difference 
between the hands and feet ; the power of firmly opposing the 
thumb to each of the other four fingers ; the prominence of the 
frontal bone; and the almost vertical profile of the face. It 
may, however, be observed that, as regards the prominence of 
the forehead and degree of prognathism of the facial bones, 
some striking variations occur among the different existing races. 
To show the extent of these differences I reproduce, from Owen’s 
Comparative Anatomy (vol. ii. pp. 558, 560), figures of two skulls, 
one (figs. 1 and 2) labelled “Cranium of a native Australian,” 
and the other (fig. 3) “ Skull of a well-formed European,” from 
which it will be at once seen that the former has, relatively, a 
retreating forehead and a highly prognathic profile, while the 
latter has a well-filled forehead and an orthognathic face. 
