128 Proceedings of Royal Society of Edinburgh. [sess. 
Y. This Plate shows a famous relic in the form of a piece of ivory from 
the outside layer of the tusk, having incised on it the outline of a hairy 
elephant (Cal. L. and C.). T-he lofty skull and hollow forehead of the animal 
here represented are characteristic of the Siberian mammoth, as shown by its 
skeleton (fig. 29). On comparing it also with the figure of the mammoth 
incised on the wall of Combarelles (fig. 28), one cannot fail to be struck 
with the striking resemblance between them. 
YI. Portion of a reindeer-horn ( baton de commandement ), having salmon 
engraved on one side and eels on the other. 
VII. Two batons de commandement from La Madelaine, one showing a 
human figure with an upraised club, as if going to strike a horse in front 
of him, while a serpent (?) seems to be in the act of biting his heel; the 
other shows four large-headed ponies in sequence (Col. L. and C.). 
VIII. Figures of a reindeer, horse, and three ornaments from the Kessler- 
loch Cave, near Schaff hausen. The two former are among the chef -d' oeuvres of 
Palaeolithic art. Of the hanging ornaments two are made of shale. All the 
figures are after Conrad Merk. 
IX. Two carved handles of daggers like the complete specimen from 
Laugerie Basse figured on Plate III. No. 29. The reindeer is carved in 
ivory and the mammoth in reindeer-horn. These interesting relics, as well 
as a third handle of the same kind, are from the rock-shelter of Bruniquel, 
and are now among the antiquarian treasures of the British Museum. The 
highly conventional manner in which the artist has adapted horns, tusks and 
trunk to serve his purpose, shows power of imagination and a facility of 
execution which even now could only be acquired by long experience. 
Figure 3 represents some fantastic animal with large mouth and no teeth. 
It comes from Laugerie Basse (Col. Massenat-Girod). 
X. One of the sculptured horse-heads here represented is most remarkable, 
as the original seems to have been partially skinned. M. Piette, writing in 
1889 ( Congres International, etc., Paris, p. 159), makes the following state- 
ment : — “ L’homme a toujours en l’amour du beau. . . . Pour se perfectionner 
dans Part de representer le vivant, les artistes du Mas d’Azil sculptaient 
l’ecorche et le squelette.” Also M. Cartailhac {Let France Prehistorique, p. 
70) thus notices the above piece of sculpture : — “ Le relief de la tete en partie 
decharnee est tout a fait etonnant. Une tete isolee, de la meme grotte, est 
egalment figuree sans le peau. De tels ouvrages donnent a Part de Page du 
renne un aspect inattendu. Les decouvertes recentes nous ont appris que cet 
art connut la fantaisie.” 
XI. Bison and two reindeer painted in ochre on the walls of the Grotte de 
Font-de-Gaume, reduced from illustrations by MM. Capitan and Breuil {Revue 
de Vficole d 1 Anthropologic, July 1902, pi. ii.). 
{Issued separately February 13, 1904.) 
