1903 - 4 .] Prof. C. G. Knott on Ocean Temperatures, etc. 175 
purpose. It should be said that the Austrian observers deserve 
great credit for the manner in which they carried out the work. 
A little consideration showed that only a selection of the 
numerous stations were available for the present inquiry. Dr 
Buchan had already pointed out the necessity for confining the 
Table B . — Temperatures at Various Depths. 
Depth. 
Station. 
0 
2 
5 
10 
20 
30 
50 
70 
100 
188 
26-0 
26*1 
25-9 
25-2 
24-3 
24-0 
20-0 
191 
27-0 
26-8 
267 
26-6 
25-3 
24-8 
21 - 8 ' 
212 
27-8 
27 -6 
27 - 5 ' 
27-4 
27-3 
26*4 
22-4 
19 - 9 ' 
17-5 
213 
28-3 
27-9 
27 - 8 ' 
27-8 
27-3 
26-5 
22*7 
20 - 2 ' 
18-0 
219 
27 '7 
27-5 
27 * 4 ' 
27-6 
27-0 
25*6 
20-4 
18-4 
17-4 
220 
28-1 
27*8 
27 - 7 ' 
27-8 
27-2 
25-8 
20-6 
18*5 
17'6 
222 
27-4 
27-2 
27 - 0 ' 
27-0 
26-7 
25-5 
20-5 
18-8 
17-8 
223 
28*3 
27-9 
27 * 5 ' 
27-1 
26-9 
25-6 
20*5 
18 - 7 ' 
17-4 
225 
27*8 
27-5 
27 - 4 ' 
27-3 
26-8 
25-8 
21-1 
18-6 
17-3 
226 
28-1 
27*6 
27 - 5 ' 
27-5 
26 -9 
26-3 
21 - 5 ' 
19 - 2 ' 
17-9 
228 
27*7 
27*8 
27 - 7 ' 
27*5 
27-0 
26-5 
21*3 
19 - 2 ' 
17-9 
229 
27-9 
27-8 
277 ' 
27-7 
27-2 
24 - 8 ' 
19-6 
18*0 
17-3 
231 
26-7 
26-7 
26 - 9 ' 
27 - 0 ' 
26-8 
24*4 
19-2 
18 - 1 ' 
17-4 
232 
27*7 
27*8 
27 - 8 ' 
27-6 
25-6 
22 - 0 ' 
19-0 
17 - 9 ' 
16-8 
235 
27-0 
26-9 
26 - 8 ' 
27-0 
25-7 
21-3 
19*0 
17 - 8 ' 
16 - 7 ' 
238 
27-4 
27*4 
27 - 0 ' 
26-2 
23-4 
20-4 
18-3 
17-3 
16-3 
248 
26-7 
26-6 
26 - 4 ' 
26-2 
25 - 4 ' 
22-4 
19 - 8 ' 
18 - 2 ' 
16 * 8 ' 
250 
26*9 
26*7 
26 * 6 ' 
26-4 
26-2 
23-8 
19-5 
17 - 6 ' 
16 - 4 ' 
252 
27-0 
26-9 
26 - 9 ' 
27-0 
26-1 
24-4 
20*3 
18 - 4 ' 
16*9 
253 
27-1 
26-9 
26 - 7 ' 
26-5 
25-4 
22-4 
19-1 
17 - 7 ' 
16-5 
257 
26-3 
26-2 
26 * 0 ' 
25-8 
25-1 
22-8 
18-1 
17 - 0 ' 
16-3 
259 
26*1 
257 
25 - 5 ' 
25-3 
24-4 
20-8 
17-8 
16-6 
16-1 
260 
27*0 
26-6 
26 - 4 ' 
26-4 
25 -8 
21*3 
18-5 
17 - 4 ' 
16-5 
262 
27*0 
26‘9 
267 ' 
26-6 
25-5 
22-2 
19-5 
18 - 3 ' 
16-7 
264 
27*4 
27*3 
27 - 0 ' 
267 
25 - 5 ' 
23 - 2 ' 
20-0 
18-1 
16-6 
Means 
27-3 
27*12 
26-98 
26-85 
26-03 
23-96 
20-02 
18*26 
17-05 
stations chosen to those of deep water. Thus all the stations 
near land, however important their temperatures and salinities 
from the point of view of a general survey, must obviously he 
discounted when the question was one of the direct penetration of 
solar radiation. Dr Buchan accordingly picked out the stations 
characterised by great depths of water. I think, however, that 
his method of selection is not altogether sound. He seems to 
have aimed at getting as many stations as possible without paying 
