316 Proceedings of Royal Society of Edinburgh. [sess. 
certain cases (cf. Murray, Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin., xxxviii. p. 443) 
Mr Carter’s identifications have already been questioned. 
Eudendrium rameum , Pallas, is recorded from Kerguelen Island 
from a specimen in which no gonosome is present, and Allman 
remarks that “ the want of this essential part of the colony renders 
the identification of the species less certain than it would other- 
wise he.” 
Campanularia cylindrica , Allman, is described from Kerguelen 
{Phil. Trans., 168, p. 284), where Allman says. “Beyond our 
knowledge of the situation and the external form of the gonangia, 
we know nothing of the gonosome, and therefore the reference of 
this species to the genus Campanularia is merely provisional. A 
form which cannot be distinguished specifically from this has more 
recently been dredged by H.M.S. “ Valorous ” from 60 fathoms in 
Baffin’s Bay.” 
Obelia geniculata (L.)is a northern form, not only European, hut 
found both on the east and west coasts of the United States, and re- 
corded in the Challenger Report from Kerguelen and the Falklands. 
Liponema multiporum, R. Hertwig. — This is a remarkable 
sea-anemone, partially described by Hertwig from a “mucli- 
mangled” specimen, taken in 1875 fathoms, lat. 34° 37' N., long. 
140° 32' E., to the south-east of Japan. Two other specimens 
are described in the Supplementary Report , pt. lxxiii. p. 17, one 
from 120 fathoms in the Straits of Magellan, the other from 1600 
fathoms, lat. 46° 16' S., 48° 27' E., off Hog Island, between Marion 
Island and the Crozets. 
Cereus spinosus, R. Hertwig. — Of this species we have one 
specimen recorded from 1950 fathoms, lat. 53° 55' S., long. 108° 
35' E., and four from 1875 fathoms, in lat. 34° 37' K., long. 140° 
32' E., off the Japan coast. As is the case of the Liponema , the 
northern specimens were so preserved as to be, according to the 
descriher, “of very little practical use” {Report, p. 77). Under 
these circumstances, and bearing in mind the extreme difficulty of 
specific identification of sea-anemones when preserved, however 
well preserved they may be, we may here again, I think, hesi- 
tate to accept the evidence before us; while, in so far as we 
may accept it, it would merely serve to extend the distribution of 
these two Actinias to the extreme south of the Japanese region. 
