560 Proceedings of Royal Society of Edinburgh. [sess. 
contain a skull with tliis design. Professor Haddon does not 
reproduce a similar pattern, but a part of the ornamentation of a 
wooden belt (fig. 36, p. 121), which contains a pair of concentric 
circles connected by an intermediate transverse band is the nearest 
approximation to the design carved on the skull which I have 
described. Dr Joseph Anderson, in discussing the spectacle 
ornament sculptured on the Scottish Stones in Ancient Celtic 
Times, is distinctly of opinion that this symbol was Christian and 
not pagan. It is therefore very interesting to find that a figure 
possessing somewhat similar characters had been designed by a 
pagan artist as far away from Scotland as New Guinea. We do 
not know the meaning which had been attached to these symbols 
by those who had engraved them either on the stones or on the skull, 
but of this we may be sure, that they had not the same significance 
to the Celtic Christian and the New Guinea savage. 
Group 4 was represented by only one skull. The design was of 
large size, and was broadly ovoid in its general form. Its upper 
limit reached to 13 mm. from the bregma, the lower limit touched 
the upper part of the glabella, and each lateral boundary was 
about 12 mm. from the temporal curved line on the frontal bone 
(fig. 9). The design was fairly symmetrical, and contained five 
lines concentrically arranged. The lines were not prolonged across 
the glabella, but the outermost and the third line on each side 
became continuous below in a point at the inner end of the supra- 
orbital ridge, and a similar arrangement was present with the 
fourth and fifth lines. The second concentric line occupied the 
middle of the interval between the outermost and the third lines. 
The space enclosed by the fifth line was an elongated ovoid, 50 
mm. in longitudinal and 28 mm. in its greatest transverse 
diameter. A chevron pattern had been cut in the enclosure, 
about one-third from the upper end was a ring-like figure, 5 to 6 
mm. in diameter, and at the lower end opposite points of the fifth 
line were connected by a shallow zigzag line. The intervals 
between the first, second, third, and fourth lines were occupied by 
chevron patterns. One cannot identify this design with any 
natural object. It may be regarded as a rude geometric pattern, 
though the zigzags gave it the snake-like undulations referred to by 
Mr Buchanan, and associate it with the designs in Group 1. 
