698 Proceedings of Royal Society of Edinburgh. [sess. 
Right Horn. 
Left Horn. 
Length of beam from the burr to the 
base of the sur-royal, . 
27 inches. 
27 \ inches. 
Length to highest point of same, 
35 „ 
35 „ 
Brow antler, ..... 
10$ „ 
11 » 
Royal antler (outer edge), 
17 „ 
16 „ 
Bez antler (outer edge), . 
13$ „ 
15 „ 
Circumference at the burr, 
10 „ 
11$ „ 
And so throughout. The brow antler of both horns is broken; 
hut looking at its thickness near its junction with the beam and 
the gradual way it must have thinned to a point, it must have been 
as long again as it is now. 
III. The Ancient Shorthorn Ox ( Bos longifrons, Owen). Re- 
mains of this ox seem to indicate that it lived from early Post- 
Pliocene time down to the historic epoch. They .occur in the same 
deposits as those in which the hones of the urus are found. That 
the urus preceded the shorthorn, but had not died out when the 
latter was introduced to Scotland, appears likely. There are 
records of the occurrence of its remains in most, if not in all, the 
counties of Scotland. I have a part of the skull of one which was 
found in the brick clay near Dunbar, to my surprise in the same 
layer as a perfectly preserved pretty little ophiuroid ( Opliiolepis 
gracilis ), seldom met with now in the same locality. The portion 
of the skull of this ox on the table was presented to New College 
Museum, and was for a time believed to be Scottish, hut it was 
afterwards found to have been got in County Limerick, a little 
below the surface of a peat moss, along with a hit of skin with the 
hair attached, a piece of coarse cloth, and a fragment of earthen- 
ware. The horns are entire, hut the bones have lost their mineral 
constituents altogether. Archseologically, this specimen is of much 
interest. 
There are other forms which, in this connection, are worth 
noting at some length, hut can only now he named : — The Beaver, 
Reindeer, Roedeer, Great Wild Ox, Pine-Martin, Wild Boar, Wolf, 
and Wild Cat. 
In conclusion, reference may he made to “ finds ” which supply 
