1904 - 5 .] 
Meetings of the Society. 
1183 
very volatile liquids for a long time with only a small loss from 
evaporation, he made good use of the opportunity for examining 
the chemical and physical properties of substances at extremely 
low temperatures. The results of these enquiries are of the 
highest interest and importance. For this long series of investiga- 
tions in Chemistry and PhysicsJ characterised by ingenuity, skill, 
and perseverance, and crowned with success, the Council has 
awarded to Sir James Dewar the Gunning Victoria Jubilee Prize. 
The Chairman, on presenting the Keith Prize to Sir William 
Turner, K.C.B., LL.D., F.R.S., etc,, said: — 
The Keith Prize for 1901-1903 has been awarded to Sir 
William Turner for his Memoir entitled “A Contribution to the 
Craniology of the People of Scotland,” published in the Trans- 
actions - of the Society, and for his “ Contributions to the 
Craniology of the People of the Empire of India,” Parts I., II., 
likewise published in the Transactions of the Society. 
These memoirs, important as they are, form a comparatively 
small part of the work which Sir William Turner has done in the 
field of Physical Anthropology. More especially should notice he 
taken of the two elaborate reports which he published on the 
Crania and other bones of the Human Skeleton which were 
collected by the Challenger Expedition. These Reports are not 
only valuable on account of the information which they convey 
regarding the physical characters of many races of mankind, but 
also because they establish methods of craniological and antliropo- 
metrical research which have very generally been accepted in this 
country by workers in the same field. 
Four great leaders have been chiefly instrumental in developing 
that branch of Science which has received the name of Physical 
Anthropology — Broca in France, Huxley and Flower in England, 
Turner in Scotland. 
The Chairman, on presenting the Makdougall-Brisbane Prize to 
the General Secretary for transmission to Mr John Dougall, 
said : — 
The Makdougall-Brisbane Prize for 1902-1904 has been 
awarded to Mr John Dougall, M.A., for his Paper on “An 
