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of Edinburgh, Session 1876 - 77 . 
the making of tiles to be used in drainage. He invented also 
the Tweeddale plough, an implement which has been found of 
immense use, as enabling the cultivator with the minimum of 
draught to turn up the subsoil so as to break it up and subject 
it to the action of the atmosphere. The system of deep ploughing 
which he introduced prepared the way for the use of the steam- 
plough, which he was the first to bring under the notice of the 
Society and to introduce into general use. As has been justly said, 
“ the agricultural world was under a deep obligation to the Marquis 
for the time, research, and large pecuniary expenditure he devoted 
to the practical solution of the steam plough question.”* 
To the agriculturist the condition and changes of the atmo- 
sphere are hardly of less interest than is the soil which he has to 
till. As might be expected, therefore, in one so interested in 
agriculture, the Marquis of Tweeddale attached great importance 
to meteorology, and devoted much time, labour, and money to the 
fostering of that science. Of the National Meteorological Society 
of Scotland he was from the first, and continued to be, the main 
support. From time to time he offered prizes for the best essay 
or series of observations on meteorological phenomena; which had 
the effect of engaging the attention of competent inquirers to 
these phenomena, and drawing forth some communications of 
the greatest importance to those engaged in agriculture and allied 
pursuits. 
Besides holding the hereditary honours and dignities of his house, 
some of which had come down to him from a remote ancestry, Lord 
Tweeddale possessed many personal distinctions. He was a K.T. 
and G.C.B., a representative Peer of Scotland, Lord-Lieutenant of 
Haddingtonshire, Colonel successively of the 30th Regiment, the 
42nd Regiment, and the 2nd Regiment of Life Guards, a General 
in the army, and a Field Marshal. He died at Tester House on 
the 10th of October last, in his 90th year. 
The Marquis of Tweeddale became a Fellow of this Society in 
1849. 
Adolphe Pictet was born at Geneva on the 1 1th of September 
1799. He received his education at the Hofwyl institution 
* Stephens & Slight, Book of Farm Implements. 
2 H 
VOL. IX. 
