441 
of Edinburgh, Session 1876 - 77 . 
have the same form, being high and acuminate in front, and con- 
cavely cut out behind; their rays are rather coarser than those of 
the yentrals, and their transverse joints are considerably longer than 
broad. In no case is the caudal tin well preserved, its rays being 
more or less disjointed and broken up, but it is clear that the pro- 
longation of the body in the upper lobe was delicate, the rays slender, 
and with distant articulations. 
Remarks . — As already indicated, this species agrees with 
R. Geikiei in the general form of the body, and, along with 
it, differs from all the other species of the genus with which I am 
acquainted in the closer approximation of the anal fin to the caudal ; 
in both, also, the flank scales are comparatively small. But the 
action of the scale sculpture is essentially different. In R. brevis 
such ridges as are seen on the flank scales have not the same short, 
sharp, straight, and parallel character which distinguishes those 
which in R. Geikiei pass to the denticulations of the posterior mar- 
gin ; the rugae ornamenting the cranial roof bones are also coarser, 
more flattened, and less capable of being described as “ striae.” 
Geological Position and Localities .. — From the Calciferous Sand- 
stone series. Five specimens are in my possession, four of which 
are in ironstone nodules from Wardie beach ; the fifth I found in a 
detached block of slaty carbonaceous ironstone, on the shore near 
the mouth o f the Kenly Burn, between St Andrews and 
Kingsbarns. 
Rhadinichthys car hiatus, Agassiz sp. 
Paloeoniscus carincitus, Agassiz ; ‘‘Poissons Fossiles,” vol. ii. pt. i. p. 104 
(1835); “Atlas,” vol. ii. tab. 4 b, figs. 1 and 2. 
The form of the body is slender, the length of the head being 
contained about 4f- times in the total up to the bifurcation of the 
caudal fin, and equalling the greatest depth of the body at the origin 
of the ventral fins. The head is very elegantly shaped, rather 
depressed above, but pointed when seen in profile. The bones 
of the cranial shield are ornamented with sharp, delicate, wavy 
ridges or “ striae.” A specimen from Wardie in my collection shows 
most clearly the presence of extensive ossification in the periotic 
and alisphenoid regions of the cranium, and, moreover, a cast of 
the posterior semi-circular canal of the ear is most distinctly and 
