214 
vartuna, which, it is thought, may be from the Anglo-Saxon 
chefer, clover; and Crimplesham, from crepel, a craw-fish. The 
colt gives the prefix to Coltishall, The larger birds and birds of 
prey gave names to several villages ; thus, the crane to Cranwich 
and Cranworth. 
Dockton or Doughton is from the Anglo-Saxon dokhe, a Aveed 
Avliich, I suppose, Avas once troublesome there. Dereham, Elmham, 
and Eoxley need no coinment. Eoulden, in Domesday Book 
Fugalduiia, is from the Anglo-Saxon fugel, a AA'ild-foAvl. The 
prefix of Eishley is probably the personal name Fisc (Anglo-Saxon 
foi’ fish), an old name in Norfolk, as one held lands here in the 
reign of EdAvard the Confessor. 
Gas, a Scandinavian personal name, meaning goose, gave the 
prefix to Gasthorpe ; and Gateley is from the Saxon gat, a goat, 
from Avhicli the modern surname Gates. Gresham and Gressen- 
hall are from the Saxon grccs, grass. Hethel (a corruption of 
Heath ITill) and Hedenham from Pleath ; and it has been suggested 
that Hapton takes its name from lieop, a brier or bramble. 
We next come to scA'^eral names from horsa, a horse, or from the 
Saxon hero of that name; — Horsford, Horsey, Horstead, and 
Horsham. The name Hengist or Hengst also means horse. The 
l^refix in Xilverstone is from the Saxon chilvert, a dove, and in 
Lynford from the lind or lime tree. 
Some lively Saxon, A\dth the nickname of loppa, a flea, found a 
home at the place called after him, Lopham ; and another personal 
name, Mearih, a marten, is to be traced in the Avord Martham. 
Neatishead, formerly Netesherd, clearly takes its name from 
cattle, as also Oxborougli and Oxnead. We have in Overstrand a 
personal name — Over, from efor, a Avild boar. It is easy to get 
Plumstead from plum ; but PirnhoAV, from the Saxon peren, pears, 
may seem far-fetched. The manor of PirnhoAV is now part of 
Ditchingham. 
Paveningham is from rcefringas, a patronymic from rcvfre, a 
raven. The prefix in Eackheatli is the Icelandic racke, a fox. In 
Painham and Painthorpe ran, a Avild goat. In Poydon, called in 
Domesday Book Raghednna—rhaga, a roebuck ; Avhile Puncton 
lias been thought to derive its name from the Scandinavian riinne, 
a In-amble. Wo have next several other names from plants; — 
Peedham, Pushall, Salhousc, Sedgeford, and Sloloy. 
