MR. C. R. TLOWRIOIIT ON RIME-FROST OF JANUARY 1889. 23 
as the load of rime was removed. It may be taken that where 
more than one of the smaller branches are broken upon an Oak 
tree, and remain attached, but hanging down, that the injuries 
have been caused by rime rather than by wind. The accompany- 
ing photographs, from trees at Middleton and Castle Rising, show 
very characteristically these rime injuries. 
Elms. These trees, too, suffered very considerably. The 
injuries were of two kinds. The most common consisted in the 
fracture of a number of small or medium-sized branches, which 
were broken down, but remained attached to the trees. The 
attachments, however, were not nearly so firm as was the case with 
the Oak-boughs, as most of the branches were blown down from 
the Elms during the month of March. There are, however, still 
many broken branches hanging upon Elms at South Wootton, 
Castle Rising, Middleton, West Lynn, and Gayton, at the time of 
writing (13th April). The other injury to the Elms was less 
frequent, and consisted in the breaking off of large arms from 
the trunk oT the tree. These fell to the ground, unless they 
happened to be caught in the tree, as in the photograph which 
was taken from a tree in Mr. Herbert Garnett’s meadow at 
Middleton. 
Birches. These trees suffered in their upper branches principally. 
The fractures were almost always at the junction of the boughs, 
as the photographs from South "Wootton Heath show. Xear 
"Wolferton Station nearly the third of a small tree was thus broken 
off. This fell to the grouud. 
Willows. Suffered in their larger limbs almost entirely. These 
snapped off short, and fell to the ground. The photograph is from 
Castle Rising, and shows the broken-off arm on the ground. 
Weeping Willows. Several of these trees in Mr. Marshall's 
garden lost large branches, which fell to the ground. 
Scotch Firs. Comparatively few were injured at all, although 
they seemed to be as much loaded with rime, at Wolferton, as any 
other tree, yet, out of the hundreds at Wolferton and Sandringham, 
1 only saw one which was injured, and that had lost but a single 
branch. At Hillington, however, Sir William ffolkes pointed out 
to me an isolated tree which had lost three large arms. I also saw 
several trees broken on the south side of the Shortrees plantation. 
Alder. One broken tree was observed at Middleton. 
