MR. J. H. GURNEY ON THE LAPLAND BUNTING. 
375 
and especially to the easterly gale on the 14th of October. What 
effect that had in Yorkshire in bringing quantities of Goldcrests, 
Kobins, and other birds, will be seen by reading Mr. Cordeaux’s 
article in the ‘Zoologist’ (1892, p. 417). It was the most remark- 
able rush of migratory birds “ ever witnessed ” by him in his long 
experience. On that day the wind at Cley veered round to south- 
east, and probably this stemmed the migratory movement, and is 
the reason why the Lapland Buntings did not go on to Thorpe Mere 
and other places in Suffolk and Essex. 
Our honorary member, the veteran Herr Giitke, observed the 
passage in Heligoland. “ Early in the morning of the 13th and 14th 
of October,” he writes, “great numbers of birds were passing from 
east to west, but did not stay here.” No Lapland Buntings were 
obtained on the island of Heligoland, but some Cole fits turned 
up almost daily, from which ho “judged that an unusual move 
from the east was going on,” but the weather being unfavourable 
all passed on high overhead, and England reaped the harvest 
(Giitke in lit.). Giitko does not give the direction of the wind, 
but from the Meteorological Office I learn that it was east at the 
mouth of the Elbe on the 14th. On that day it was north at the 
Naze and Bergen, and north-north-east on the 13th. How long 
the Lapland Buntings would have stayed in Norfolk if they had 
been allowed to stay no one can say now ; though not much 
molested at Cley, after October Mr. Pashley tells me they were still 
about, but happily there were no bird-catchers to meddle with them 
as at Yarmouth. Mr. Smith reports one taken at Yarmouth as late 
as January 2nd, and some were shot at Cley on the 5th and 6th 
of that month, though I did not see them, but heard of them from 
a reliable source. 
'They were first noticed in Northumberland by Mr. George Bolam 
on January 2nd, 1893, on a low-lying stubble-field near the sea, 
on the mainland opposite Holy Island, twelve miles south of 
Berwick. I am far from thinking that they had only then arrived, 
more probably they came in October and November, and remained 
there unnoticed, until Mr. Bolam chanced to come across them. 
“ The ground,” writes Mr. Bolam, “ was there partially covered 
with about an inch of snow, and the frost was very severe, but a 
very rough stubble enabled the birds to reach the ground, where 
lay much damaged grain, and they were feeding in scattered 
