MEMOIR OF CALEB B. ROSE. 
393 
represented by their fossils in the great clay-foundation of the 
Fcnland. In the Kimmcridgc Clay Rose obtained a specimen of 
shale that “ burns readily, crepitating like cannel coal,” a fact ot 
interest, as similar bituminous shale is well known to occur in 
Dorsetshire and also in Lincolnshire in the same formation ; and 
in the former county the “ Kimmeridge Coal” has proved of some 
economic value. 
Rose gives a good stratigraph ical account of the “Inferior 
Greensand,” provincially called Carstone, but lie had at that time 
obtained no fossils from it. In lithological characters he identified 
it with the Lower Greensand of Sussex. 
In S. Woodward’s Geological Map of Norfolk the Gault was 
omitted, as Rose then entertained great doubt of its presence in 
the county : but when he met William Smith at the Cambridge 
meeting of the British Association in 1833, that geologist so 
positively assured him of its existence in Norfolk, that on his 
return home he “redoubled his inquiries.” Sedgwick, moreover, 
had stated in 18:10 that the Red Chalk of Hunstanton was exactly 
in the place of the Gault of Cambridge ; and eventually Rose 
was able to “ fully concur with the distinguished Professor in 
considering the red beds the equivalent of the gault.” 
His observations are lull of interest when we bear in mind the 
subsequent debates that have taken place on the age of the 
Hunstanton Red-rock ; for Rose clearly recognises the true state 
of the case when he remarks: “The gault of Norfolk affords 
a remarkable example of dissimilarity in the mineralogical character 
of adjoining portions of a contemporaneous deposit, and is an 
additional illustration of the necessity for employing the zoological 
character to determine their identity.” 
Again, in reference to the White Chalk of Hunstanton, Rose 
found it difficult to determine the equivalents of Upper Greensand 
and Chalk Marl, for the fossils were so intermingled. He remarks: 
“ And from this circumstance we are led to infer that at the epoch 
when the upper green-sand am/ ehalk-marl of Wiltshire and 
Devonshire were depositing, and the then existing marine Testacese 
were entombed, similar pluenomena were in progress in this portion 
of the great chalk basin ; but the material supplied being more 
* See Whitaker, l'roc. Norwich Geol. Soc. vol. i. p. 212. 
