NEW INVENTIONS. 
71 
attachment. He forms a square on the back of the arbor, to receive what 
he terms a gatherer or stop, which works inside a steel split ring, formed 
with three or more teeth, and with an abutment on the inside thereof. 
As the watch is wound, the gatherer takes round a tooth at every complete 
revolution, until the spring is wound up, when the gatherer comes in 
contact with the abutment, and prevents overwinding. The split-ring 
is encased in a box, fastened on the back of the pillar plate. 
Clocks or Timepieces. — Mr. H. Jorns , patentee . — This invention is 
intended to obviate the necessity for winding up clocks or timepieces 
periodically. The patentee proposes to effect this object through the 
agency of the variations in the temperature of the atmosphere, which are 
constantly taking place both inside and outside of dwelling-houses, and to 
employ the draught or current of air, caused by such changes in tempera- 
ture, to set in motion certain mechanism to be connected to the ordinary 
mechanism of clocks, and b} r these means to produce a power sufficient to 
wind up a clock. By this invention a great part of the weight at 
present necessary to keep the going parts of a clock in motion may be 
dispensed with. 
Pictorial Foregrounds and Backgrounds for Photographic 
Portraits. — Mr. T. Bennett , patentee . — In taking photographic portraits 
or pictures in which it is desired to adopt suitable backgrounds, fore- 
grounds, or perspectives, it has been hitherto the practice to use a painted 
canvas, descending to and terminating at the floor or standing-place of 
the apartment. According to this invention, the patentee uses a canvas 
(or equivalent substance) suspended or secured upon a roller or rollers, 
with pulleys and cords by which the canvas can be raised or lowered. 
This canvas is of sufficient length to allow it to be brought down to the 
floor, then stretched along the same, and kept in position (if desired) by 
catches or grippers, so that the persons or objects to be portrayed may 
stand upon a part of the canvas. The background, foreground, or per- 
spective, which is to remain perpendicular, or nearly so, is to be painted 
or depicted in the ordinary or perspective manner, and that part of the 
canvas which is to lie upon the floor is to be painted so as to have the 
same convenient effect as the upright part, and so as, imperceptibly, to 
“run into” the same. For this purpose he has hitherto adopted the plan 
of first painting the upright part, and fitting the same to a corresponding 
position to that in which the same is intended to be used, and then 
stretching the horizontal part upon the floor, drawing lines or objects by 
the aid of the camera. 
Minute and Magnified Photographic Pictures. — Mr. A. F.Eden , 
patentee . — This invention consists, first, in adapting to the object end of 
the camera a small removable box or dark chamber, in which is placed 
the glass plate with the sensitive surface, when it is desired to obtain a 
minute photographic picture. In order to obtain an enlarged or magnified 
picture of a microscopic object, the latter is placed in the small removable 
dark chamber, and light is admitted throughout a proper aperture, and 
allowed to pass through the object, and also through an arrangement of 
lenses which will throw the magnified image on to a sensitive surface placed 
at the proper focal length behind. From this explanation it will be under- 
