186 
POPULAR SCIENCE REVIEW. 
slightly constricted ; the apex is often pointed, though not 
always so much as in our figure (fig. 38). 
Of other species found on allied plants we have not con- 
sidered it necessary to give figures, or write much. The 
betony brand (P. Betonicce , DO.) does not seem to be com- 
mon enough to be readily found by any one desiring to 
examine it for themselves ; and the same may be said of the 
figwort brand (P. Scrophularice, Lib.), the wood-sage brand 
(P. Scorodonice , Lk.), and the speedwell brand (P. Veronicarum , 
DC.); all of these are, however, characterized by a distinct 
feature, or features, which have been considered of sufficient 
importance to constitute a separate species. 
We have had occasion to refer incidentally to the brand 
found on the under surface of the leaves of the wood-anemone 
(P. anemones , P.). This is one of the earliest and commonest 
species. Go wherever the wood-anemone abounds, in any of 
the woods lying immediately to the north of the metropolis, 
or any of the woods in Kent, and from March to May it will 
not be difficult to find attenuated, sickly-looking leaves, with 
the under surface covered with the pustules of this brand, 
looking so like the sori of some fern (fig. 28) that it has been, 
and still is , sometimes considered as such. In Ray^s (( Syn- 
opsis 99 (3rd edition, 1724), it is described in company with 
the maidenhair and wall-rue ferns, a figure is given of it in 
the same work (t. iii. fig. 1), and it is stated, — “this capillary 
was gathered by the Conjuror of Chal grave/'’ When, after- 
wards, it was better understood, and the spots came to be 
regarded as true parasitic fungi, it still for a long time con- 
tinued to bear the name, not even yet quite forgotten, of the 
Conjuror of Chalgrave ; s fern. 
An examination of the spores, both collectively in the pus- 
tules, and separately under a high power, will not fail to 
convince any one who has examined only the species we have 
already alluded to, that this parasite on the anemone (P. ane- 
mones) is a true Puccinia, and a most interesting one. The 
two cells of the spores are nearly spherical, and the constric- 
tion is deeper and more positive than in any of the preceding. 
Moreover, the surface of the spore is minutely and beautifully 
echinulate, or covered with erect spines (fig. 29). Some few 
other of the species found in Britain have echinulate spores, 
but those are not common like the present. One word of 
caution to the amateur in search of the Puccinia on the ane- 
mone. It will be fruitless looking for it on the large foliaceous 
bracts of the flower stalk, since these may be turned up care- 
fully, till the back aches with stooping, ere a solitary pustule 
will be found ; but the true leaves, proceeding from the rhi- 
zomes, are certain soon to afford you specimens. 
