146 
BATHYMETRICAL SURVEY OF 
in the lochs are preserved ; in Loch Callater there are a few trout, and 
salmon late in the season, with pike and eels, and Lock Muick contains 
trout, while Lochs Davan and Kinord contain pike and perch. 
The upper lochs are mountain valley -basins, Loch Muick partaking both 
of the character of a rock-basin and of a barrier- basin, while Loch Callater 
is a true barrier-basin. The other lochs occur in the cup-shaped and 
irregular depressions of the so-called moraini * country generally found at 
the base of a mountain region. 
Loch Callater (see Plate LIT.) lies about 5 miles south of Braemar. On 
both sides of the loch the hills rise with fairly steep slopes, especially at 
the south-east end of the loch. No outcrops could be detected on the 
shores, which are stony and composed of moraine matter. The loch trends 
in a north-west and south-east direction, and is nearly a mile in length, 
with a maximum breadth of one-fifth of a mile, the superficial area being 
about 73 acres, and the drainage area nearly 8 square miles. The largest 
feeder is the Allt an Loch, entering at the southern end. The maximum 
depth of 30 feet was observed near the middle of the loch, but towards the 
south-western shore. The volume of water is estimated at 38 million cubic 
feet, and the mean depth at 12 feet. The floor of the loch shows one or 
two slight irregularities, but on the whole the basin is simple in conforma- 
tion ; nearly one-half of the lake-floor is covered by less than 10 feet of 
water. At the head of the loch is a large alluvial tract, which evidently 
at one time formed part of the loch, the outflowing burn having cut its way 
through the morainic barrier, and ultimately the lake may be entirely 
drained, and converted into an alluvial plain. The loch was surveyed on 
July 11, 1905, but the elevation could not be determined from bench- 
mark; from spot-levels it was estimated to be about 1625 feet above the 
sea. Temperatiires taken in the deepest part of the loch showed a range of 
10° ‘2 Fahr. from surface to bottom, the readings being — 
Surface 66°-2 Fahr. 
20 feet 59°-0 „ 
29 „ 56°-0 „ 
Loch Muich (see Plate LIII.), the largest and most picturesque of the 
lochs in the Dee basin, lies about 8 miles south-west of Ballater amid wild 
and magnificent scenery. On both sides of the loch the mountain-slopes 
rise precipitously from the water’s edge. The shores are stony, with many 
big boulders. The loch trends in a south-west and north-east direction, 
the axis being slightly curved, and is 21 miles in length, half a mile in 
maximum breadth, the mean breadth exceeding one-third of a mile. The 
superficial area is about 549 acres, or nearly a square mile, while the 
drainage area exceeds 14 square miles. The loch is fed by numerous 
small streams, the largest feeder being the Allt an Dubh-loch, coming 
from the Dubh Loch lying towards the head of the valley at an elevation of 
about 2100 feet. The Glas Allt enters on the northern shore near the 
