SCIENTIFIC SUMMAEY. 
123 
left, nostril he was enabled to pass it through an aperture corresponding to the 
opening into the antrum of Highmore, and satisfied himself by the smooth 
polished surface of the interior of this cavity, that the finger was really in the 
maxillary sinus. — Vide Bull di Bologna^ May, 1864. 
Development of the Upper J aiu. — Mr. Hulme, who continues his very weU- 
compiled and useful additions to our knowledge of this subject, describes the 
mass of tissue out of which the upper maxilla and the intermaxilla are formed 
as being composed of nuclei or cells held together by some amorphous matter, 
the whole being covered by a layer of pavement of epithelial cells. The first 
condition of the osseous tissue is in the form of cartilage, and these cartilages 
correspond in number to the separate elements from which the maxillary 
bones are developed. There is therefore a cartilage from which the incisor- 
bone is developed, one from which the rest of the superior maxillary bone is 
developed, and two in the remainder of the visceral arch from which the 
lower jaw is formed, ©ne corresponding to each half. While the cartilages 
are undergoing these modifications of form, the surrounding tissue is becoming 
converted into the various soft parts surrounding the bones. — Vide Dental 
Review, July, 1864. 
Iridectomy in the Cure of Glaucoma. — The wonderfully successful operation 
originally devised by von Grafe, and so strongly advocated in this country by 
Mr. Bowman, has found a new supporter in M. A. Testilin, who passes a high 
tribute of praise to Mr. Bowman for his adoption and defence of the opera- 
tion. He thinks that the lucid, vigorous, systematic, and courteous manner 
in which the English surgeon has discussed the subject, cannot fail to extend 
his reputation very considerably, and must tend to make the cause of iridec- 
tomy triumph in England, as it has done already upon the continent. — Vide 
Ophthalmic Review, July. 
The use of the term sclera is very ably justified by Mr. Thomas Windsor, 
who shows that in adopting this word we are not introducmg a new term, but 
merely going back from a denomination (sclerotica) invented during the dark 
ages, to one employed by the Greeks. It appears that the word sclerotica 
was first coined during the middle ages, and probably about the time of 
Mundinus, an opinion which is supported on the authority of Joubert. 
M. Koeberle on Ovardotomy. — This distinguished surgeon thus reports the 
results of his cases to the French Academy. The operations performed by 
me during the past two years have been twelve in number ; of these nine have 
been followed by cure and three by death, which generally came on from the 
third to the eighth day after the operation. One of the patients who had 
been affected with cancerous tumours of the ovaries, was completely restored 
to health, but afterwards died (o’vving to the development of cancer in the 
uterus), six months after the removal of the ovaries. The other cases have 
enjoyed perfect health since the performance of the operation, and one of 
them has been delivered of a child weighing more than eight pounds. Of the 
twelve individuals operated on, five were submitted to double ovariotomy ; on 
three others enucleation of the Grafe vesicles had been performed. In one 
case the removal of the ovaries deprived the patient of a painful hysterical 
affection from which she had previously suffered. The proportion of success- 
ful cases was 75 per cent. These results are extremely remarkable when con- 
trasted with those of several operations performed in Strasbourg, all of which 
were fatal. — Vide Comptes Rendus, August 17. 
