ALG^. 
341 
Le compared with, those at fig. 8, it will appear similar and 
yet these are the results of subdivision of the cells of the Cup- 
moss in very wet places or under water. They can be pro- 
duced by placing the mealy grains on the Cup-moss in water 
or on a slide in the manner above recommended. 
The little reliance which can be placed on the number of 
transparent layers as a specific distinction is very apparent^ 
when in divisions from the same cell they vary so much. 
Agam^ in looking at fig. \0 a, which is derived from moss^ 
it will be seen that the same condition occurs in the cells of 
moss placed in water^ or in very damp places. 
Thus Gleocapsa can be produced from at least Lichens and 
Mosses. 
There is another genus of the same group, called Pal- 
moglea/^ which is oval in form, and larger than the above 
Palmellacese, which may be, in some of its stages at least, 
imitated, so that the one cannot be distinguished from the other. 
It is figured at fig. 11. A form like it can be produced from 
Cladonia by the division and growth of its cells (figs. 8u, 9a). 
The confervoid filaments of mosses also throw off cells which 
are apparently the same. Whether at any time these undergo 
the change noticed in Palmoglea, called conjugation,^^ where 
the ceil- wall of two adjacent cells bursts, and their contents 
unite to form one mass, further observations are required. 
Suffice it for the present paper to show that at certain stages 
these are all so similar, that they might, without follov/ing 
their history deeper, appear the same plant. 
Further, at fig. 12a is shown what is called Protococcus 
viridis. It segments as Chlorococcus, from which at times it 
is impossible to distinguish it. However, some of the cells are 
more oval than the others, and have two delicate hairs or cilia 
from one end. These cells move about freely in water by the 
movements of these cilia, and are called zoospores^^ (fig. 126). 
They were at one time placed in the animal kingdom. But 
we have every reason to believe that this form of cell,- very 
common in the Confervae, is also produced by the confervoid 
filaments of the mosses (fig. 13a).' 
Now it may here be mentioned that the green cells given 
off by mosses, lichens, Lyngbya, Volvox, are all called 
‘■‘■gonidia;^-’ in essence they are somewhat analogous to the 
bud of the upper plants. 
It will easily be perceived, by any one who has observed the 
amazing number of these growths thrown off from the above- 
named plants, to what an extent they are capable of being pro- 
pagated, though it must be here remarked that these gonidia 
and their subdivisions under favouring circumstances do re- 
produce their originals. 
2 A 2 
