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POPULAR SCIENCE REVIEW. 
whose walls, at equal distances from each other, are twenty- 
four cameras ; at a given moment the photographers expose 
the plates, and thus simultaneously twenty-four different views 
are taken of the sitter. The outlines of these constitute as 
many profiles, which are brought to the assistance of the 
sculptor in the following manner. The glass slides containing* 
the figures are placed in a sort of magic-lantern, and are suc- 
cessively thrown upon a ground-glass screen, behind which 
sits the sculptor with his block of plaster before him. This 
block is placed upon a revolving disk, which is graduated. 
There is also behind the screen an instrument called a pan- 
tograph, which we cannot further describe than to say that 
it is a piece of mechanism, which, in this case, has a style 
attached to one extreme and a sculptor^s chisel at the other, 
and which is so contrived that as the style traces the outline 
of the figure projected upon the ground- glass screen, the chisel 
carves out a corresponding outline upon the block. So far, 
then, the reader can understand, that as soon as the first 
photograph is placed in the lantern, its image is projected on 
to the screen, and the , sculptor, working with pantograph, 
traces out the outhne upon the glass and simultaneously chisels 
out the first profile on the block. As soon as this has been 
done, photograph No. 2 is placed in the lantern, the gra- 
duated disk on which the block rests is turned round l-24th 
of its circle and the second profile is carved out. These 
operations are repeated till the whole twenty-four photographs 
have been used and as many profiles cut out upon the block, 
which has by this time described a complete revolution. The 
consequence of all this is a bust, which, when it receives a few 
touches from the hands of a skilled sculptor, is completed. 
Such is the process of photosculpture ; and though, at first, the 
idea of a solid bust, produced by photography, seems very 
remarkable, when the details are explained much of our won- 
derment ceases. We believe we are correct in stating that 
the discovery has not proved valuable in a pecuniary point ; 
the great expense of the preliminary operations and of em- 
ploying skilled artists to complete the bust having rendered it 
inaccessible to all but the wealthy. 
The crystal miniature is an application of photography to 
portraiture, which was discovered and patented a couple of 
years since by Mr. Henry Swan. The invention is an ex- 
ceedingly ingenious one, and the effect produced, whether 
in point of novelty or beauty, is exceedingly remarkable. 
In this form of portrait the image of the sitter appears to 
exist as a solid reality in the centre of a mass of crystal, and 
has, when first looked at, a startling effect. The portraits 
of some of our men of eminence — those of Lord Brougham, 
