22 Proceedings of Boy at Society of Edinburgh . [sess. 
lumen of the intestine was absent in places. Comma bacilli were 
present in the follicles and sub-epithelial spaces. 
In a case of thirty hours’ duration, examined six and a half hours 
after death, the small bowel presented an appearance like the case 
just described, but was more deeply congested, there being haemor- 
rhages in the mucous membrane. Comma bacilli were present, as 
in the last case. 
In a third case, thirty-two hours ill, examined two and a half hours 
after death, the ileum contained a thin, slightly blood-stained fluid, 
not in the least slimy or faecal, there being intense congestion and 
swelling of the mucous lining, with much stripping of the epithelium. 
In a fourth case, where death took place on the fourth day after 
very feeble reaction, and the stools had become slimy, dark brown, 
scanty, very offensive, and with a slight faecal odour, the bowel 
contents were of the same nature as the stools, but more manifestly 
blood-stained. Here, stripping of the epithelium, ulceration, haemor- 
rhages, and everywhere great congestion, were the features in the 
small gut. The comma bacillus, which had been plentiful in the 
characteristic stools, was not found in the follicles or bowel contents; 
other organisms being abundant in the latter. 
So far as the presence of the organism in the tissue of the intes- 
tinal wall is concerned, its relationship to the disease is not thereby 
materially influenced, even if it does not penetrate the tissue of the 
wall in every case. 
Other organisms could be demonstrated in the intestinal wall 
occasionally, and in one instance a fungus network had penetrated 
deep into the tissues, — probably a jpost-mortem intruder. 
The sections were left in Koch’s solution of methylene blue for 
twenty-four hours at the ordinary temperature of the room. 
Part III. — The authors then proceed to the third step of the 
investigation. The search for the comma bacillus in other than 
choleraic conditions of the human body was carried out in six cases 
of diarrhoea, one of dysentery, specimens of saliva from four healthy 
subjects, scrapings from three tonsils, one specimen of a healthy 
stool, material removed from the ileum of two cases of phthisis, two 
cases of malignant disease of the stomach, one each of tubercular 
peritonitis and pneumonia, cerebellar disease, strangulated hernia, 
cardiac disease, tubercular meningitis, acute bronchitis, and empyema. 
