296 Proceedings of Royal Society of Edinburgh. [sess. 
all India, being least severe in the Presidency of Bombay. It occurs 
in Ceylon, in Further India, in most of the islands of the Malay 
Archipelago, and on the southern and eastern coast zones of China. 
In the islands of the Japanese Empire the disease is only epidemic. 
In Australia dysentery is endemic only on the west coast, 
although it occurs in slight epidemics in Melbourne, Sydney, 
Tasmania, and New Zealand. Endemic dysentery is also met with 
in New Caledonia, the Fiji Islands, Tahiti, the Mangareva group, and 
in the Hawaiian Islands. 
Passing to the western hemisphere, we find that in South 
America dysentery is endemic in French and Dutch Guiana, in 
Brazil, especially on the coast of the provinces of Maranhao, Piauhy, 
and Parahiba, and in the northern and central parts of the country. 
It is seen in Paraguay and on the coast of the Argentine Bepublic, 
as well as in the Provinces of Tucuman and Salta. The coast of 
Chili is also infested by dysentery, and the disease extends north- 
wards along the coast of Peru; it is, however, most severe in the 
forest region on the eastern slopes of the Cordillera, on the 
Peruvian Pampas, and in the marshy country bordering the Amazon. 
This area ends at the coast-line of Ecuador, Granada, and Venezuela. 
Dysentery is also endemic in Central America; that is to say, in 
Panama, Costa Pica, Nicaragua, the Mosquito shore, San Salvador, 
Guatemala, and Mexico. It is found all over Mexico until the 
Anahuac Plateau is reached. In the West Indian islands, Cuba and 
Hayti are its principal seats, Jamaica being less subject to it, and 
it is probably met with in the other islands. 
. With regard to the United States of America, it is difficult to 
say where the disease is endemic, but it occurs more or less all over 
the States, including California, and is most frequent along the 
Atlantic and the Gulf coasts. In British North America, Prince 
Edward Island and Vancouver Island are affected. 
In Europe, endemic dysentery is confined to a few spots chiefly 
in the southern peninsulas and islands. It is common in Andalusia, 
on the tableland of Estremadura and New Castile, in Aragon, and 
in the southern parts of Galicia and Catalonia. It is prevalent 
throughout Italy, especially in the southern provinces and in 
Sicily ; also in Malta. It is found in Greece in the Peloponnese, 
and in Constantinople, Boumelia, and Asia Minor. In France it is 
