280 
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. [Sess. 
showing that it comes from a country of strongly contrasted seasons. 
This specimen may have either been floated from off the land or been thrown 
overboard from a ship. 
Station 23. 5th and 6 th May 1910. 
Lat. 35° 32' N., long. 7° 7' W. ; depth 1215 m. (664 fms.). 
The only material examined by me from this locality consists of two 
pieces of furnace clinker which are parts of the same specimen and the 
largest of which is 6J X 3 X 2 \ inches. It has lain on the bottom sufficiently 
long to have a simple coral attached to it. In the crevices of the cinder 
were found several species of foraminifera, pteropods (chiefly species of 
Hyalea ), and some examples of cumaceous and amphipodous Crustacea. In 
addition to the material examined by me the trawl brought up a very large 
amount of pteropods, foraminifera, and lamellibranch shells. 
Station 24. 6th and 7 th May 1910. 
Lat. 35° 34' N., long. 7° 35' W. ; depth 1615 m. (883 fms.). 
The only material from this Station consists of three pieces of furnace 
clinker or cinder, the largest about 3J inches long. These have been 
partially embedded in a reddish ooze containing foraminifera and pteropods. 
Attached to the exposed surfaces of the cinders are siliceous sponges, 
serpulse, and two species of lamp-shells, Terebratula cranium and Tere- 
bratulina caput-serpentis. One valve of a thick-shelled lamellibranch 
bored by a carnivorous gasteropod is embedded in the ooze. 
The study of the clinkers from the last two Stations, situated just outside 
the Straits of Gibraltar, and the attached organisms, suggests that the 
Stations are under the influence of the strong under-current which sets out 
of the Mediterranean through the Straits. 
The presence of the strongly calcareous shells inhabiting shallow water 
from this and the preceding Station 23, some of which are bored by 
gasteropods, seems to indicate that this area has undergone subsidence at no 
very distant period of time. 
Station 25b. 8th May 1910. 
Lat. 35° 46' N., long. 8° 16' W. ; depth 2055 m. (1122 fms.). 
From this Station the material consists of an oyster shell and four 
specimens of a large Balanus B. porcatus (PI. IX. fig. 1). 
The larger ones seem to have lain longer on the bottom than the others, 
as their bases are cariously etched by solution, and one of them is more 
