208 
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. [Sess. 
south-east respectively. The Ross Sea area is under the influence of other 
action-centres already referred to, and in addition the cyclonic area to the 
south of the Indian Ocean probably forms part of the great cyclonic system 
which dominates conditions in M‘Murdo Sound. 
In discussing the M‘Murdo Sound data we must bear in mind that the 
climatic features of that region as regards temperature and wind velocity 
differ in a marked degree from those of contiguous places. A brief passing 
reference to these is desirable in the present instance, based on the syn- 
chronous data from April to December I9II at Framheim (lat. 78° 38' S., 
long. 163° 37' W.) and at Cape Adare (lat. 71° 18' S., long. 170° 9' E.). It 
is unnecessary to go into details, since a comprehensive memoir based on a 
very large mass of data is in course of preparation by Dr Simpson, F.R.S., 
Meteorologist to the British Antarctic Expedition of 19 10-13. 
The mean values of pressure temperature and wind velocity at the 
above three stations for the periods April to December I9II, April to 
September 1 91 1 (the winter season), and October to December, are given 
in the following table : — 
Barometer, Mean 
corrected to 0° C., Sea- 
Level, and Lat. 45°. 
Temperature in 
Degrees Centigrade. 
Wind Velocity. 
Metres per Second. 
Cape 
Fram- 
Cape 
Cape 
Fram- 
Cape 
Cape 
Fram- 
Cape 
Evans. 
lieim. 
Adare. 
Evans. 
heim. 
Adare. 
Evans. 
heim. 
Adare. 
mm. 
mm. 
mm. 
April-Dee. 
743-1 
738-7 
740-9 
-21-0 
- 28°-8 
-17-3 
6-9 
3-5 
3-9 
April-Sept. 
741-2 
736-1 
738-6 
-25-5 
-35-7 
-21-4 
6-8 
3-1 
4-3 
Oct.-Dec. . 
746-8 
743-9 
745-4 
- 12-0 
-14-8 
- 9-1 
7-3 
4-5 
3-2 
Hence it will be seen that in the nine months under review the mean 
pressure at Framheim was 4*4 mm. lower than at Cape Evans, the mean 
temperature 7°‘8 lower, and the mean wind velocity only half that recorded 
at the adjacent station. In winter (that is, from April to September) the 
contrast is most pronounced, the pressure at Framheim being 5T mm, lower, 
the temperature I0°*2 lower than at Cape Evans, and the wind velocity 
less than half. The maximum temperature difference, I5°*0, was reached in 
August ; and in this month the wind velocity was 7*4 m.p.s at Cape Evans 
and only 3T m.p.s at Framheim, while the pressure at the latter station was 
the lower by 5’8 mm. From October to December the differences between 
the two stations were less marked, the pressure at Framheim being the 
lower by 2‘9 mm. and the temperature lower by 2°-8, also the relative 
lightness of the winds at the barrier station was less pronounced than 
