TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE DIFFERENT STAGES. 
89 
particularly tbe anterior pair, more numerous and longer and stouter 
than in the preceding' stages. The anterior tibia has a small tooth 
within the larger blunt subapical one. The femoral comb has again an 
additional tooth, making five in all. Antenna' as in the preceding 
stage. Kudimentary wing' cases somewhat more prominent than in the 
last stage, but still inconspicuous. (See fig. 39.) 
The larva is in this stage at the completion of the eighth year of its 
existence, and the stage probably lasts three or four years. 
First pupal stage. — Length in the early condition of this stage about 
17 mm.; anterior femora, 3.30 mm.; anterior tibiae, 3. GO mm.; hind 
tibia. 1 , 5. SO mm.; width of head, 6 mm. Bye-spots entirely wanting; 
eye prominences well developed, as in later pupal stages. Wing cases 
extend to the tip of the third 
segment. Third antennal joint 
one-third longer than second, 
fourth as long as second, others 
decreasing in length. The an- 
terior tarsi reappear perfectly 
developed, and are nearly as 
long as the tibiae and are folded 
along the inner face of the lat- 
ter; the first joint is very mi- 
nute, and the second or last 
very long — longer than the 
middle or posterior pairs — and 
armed with two curved claws 
at the tip of which one is rather 
longer than the other. Femo- 
ral comb with an additional 
tooth, a very minute one being 
distinctly separated from the 
large blunt upper tooth. The 
anterior tibiae have within the 
large blunt subapical tooth, 
which has occurred all along hitherto, two minute saw-teeth instead of 
the one present in the preceding stage (lig. 40). The hairs of the legs 
and body are arranged as hitherto, but are rather more numerous and 
longer, and this is particularly true of the anterior limbs. The sexual 
characters which have been foreshadowed in the two later larval stages 
are now distinctly defined. 
Second pupal stage. — This stage does not present any differences 
from the last except in the greater size of the specimens, which is 
noticeable in the relative dimensions of the parts hitherto measured for 
comparison. The length of the adult pupa varies from 27 mm. in the 
case of the males to about 35 mm. in the case oi' the larger females. 
The adult pupa of the male presents the following length of the parts 
referred to: Anterior femora, 3.S0 mm.; anterior tibia 1 , 4.30 mm.; hind 
Fig. 40.— First pupal stage : a, anterior leg, inner face, 
showing tarsus bent back against the tibia: /*. same, 
outer face (original). 
