SPRING. SUMMER, AND AUTUMN MIGRATIONS. IT 
Some very similar instances of the tenacity of life among chinch b 
have been related to me by farmers in Ohio, so that I have no reason 
for doubting these statements. It is more than likely that the ine 
seeks to protect itself from its enemies during a period when it will be 
helpless, and also from sudden and radical changes in temperature. 
SPRING, ST7MMEB, AND AUTUMN MIGRATIONS. 
If there is an ample supply of proper food close at hand the chinch 
bug simply crawls from its hibernating place, but if it is in the timo- 
thy meadows of northeastern Ohio it does nothing but continue its 
ravages where it left off the autumu before, except a portion of the 
long- winged form, which very evidently fly to the wheat and corn fields. 
Iu wheat fields, unless the migration has been from an adjoining field, 
in which case the attack is made along the edge nearest thereto, the 
females do not seem to entirely forsake their gregarious habits, as 
they do not scatter out evenly over the entire field, but appear to 
locate in colonies, and when the young hatch and begin to attack the 
growing grain their presence is first disclosed by small whitening 
patches, which increase in dimensions as the young become older and 
more numerous. In low-lying fields these whitening patches more 
commonly appear on the back furrows or on any slight elevations that 
occur in the field. But on higher and level ground the whitening areas 
are observed scattered over the entire field, and constantly widening 
until the whole field appears to ripen prematurely and crinkle clown. 
When the migration is accomplished by crawling, the females seem to 
spread only enough to afford food for the young until the latter are 
able to make their own way from place to place. The young remain 
clustered on the plant about which they were hatched until this has 
been drained of sap. when they make their way, almost in a body, to a 
second plant, and in this way an attack will be pushed forward day 
after day. 
In the spring the chinch bug probably lingers about its winter quar- 
ters until a favorable day occurs during which to migrate. Transfer a 
typical Indian summer day to early May. and perhaps raise the tem- 
perature a few degrees, and yon have a day during which chinch bags 
may be seen on the wing, crawling along on fences, or at rest on the 
tops of fence posts as if taking observations, and in reality, as 1 have 
come to believe, to catch the scent of wheat or corn fields. It is on 
just such a day as this that Aphoditis senoal will be observed posted in 
precisely the same way. opening and closing the leaves of its antenna', 
evidently to catch the scent ot' the fresh droppings of animals. The 
same movements characterize Aphodius inquinatut during the Indian 
Bummer days of autumn. I have also observed the plum curculio. ( 
tracheitis nenuphar, acting in precisely the same way in late autumn. 
While discussing the subject of chinch-bug migrations, it may be best 
to state here that there i^ a second flight of chinch bugs in summer 
5968— No. 15 2 
