80 INSECTS INJURIOUS TO FORESTS. 
loids) repellent or distasteful to termites. The presence of tyloses 
or of gums may be factors in determining h the durability and 
resistance of hardwood species. Hagen further states that, while teak 
is not destroyed by termites, he believes that even teak will be 
attacked when it has become old or been long exposed to the air. 
Hagen states that it is useless to consider tannin as a preservative, 
since, according to Williamson, termites will destroy leather. Some 
species of woods native to the Philippine Islands are apparently 
immune to termite attack. 
Capt. Ahern, Chief of the Philippine Forestry Bureau, quotes 
Foreman, p. 390, as stating that the "anay," or native termite, "eats 
through most woods (there are some rare exceptions, such as 'molave/ 
'ipil/ 'yacal/ etc.)." Capt. Ahern states that — 
The following woods are not subject to attack by anay: "Dinglas" [Eugenia brae- 
teata Roxb., var. roxburghii Duthie, family Myrtacese], "ipil" [Afzelia bijuga Gray, 
family Leguniinosse], "molave" [Vitex littoralis Dene, family Verbenaceae], and 
"yacal" [Hopea plagata Vidal, family Dipterocarpese]. 
"Tindalo" [Afzelia rhomboidea Vid.] is attacked by "anay" when there is no other 
wood in the vicinity. 
"Baticulin" [Litsea obtusata B. and H., F. Vill, fam. Laurineag] is attacked by 
"anay, " but is not damaged or destroyed, except such parts as are buried underground. 
TEST WITH THE WHITE ANT. 
Mr. D.N. McChesney, master mechanic at the depot quartermaster shops in Manila, 
found last February that his trunk (made of an American spruce) had been invaded 
by white ants and was almost entirely destroyed; the clothes contained in the trunk 
were also eaten. He placed the trunk on the ground and near it pieces of the following 
woods: 
Result of 30 days' contact with ants. 
American woods: 
Oregon pine Entered and eaten; a mere matter of time 
for complete destruction. 
Bull pine Eaten more readily than Oregon pine. 
Spruce Do. 
Western hemlock Not touched. 
California redwood [Sequoia semper- Ants tried, but discontinued after a slight 
virens]. effort. 
California white cedar. .*. Do. 
Native woods: 
Molave Ate a little of it; deepest hole about one- 
fourth inch. 
Narra [Pterocarpus indicus Wild., fam- Ate a little of it; deepest hole about one- 
ily Leguniinosse]. half inch. 
Painted wood Ants worked under paint and ate the 
wood readily. 
° The quality of hardness in wood, while not rendering a species of wood immune 
to termite attack, is an important factor in determining the relative resistance of 
species of woods. Hardness is a factor in the grading of mahogany lumber. 
b Gerry, M. "Tyloses: Their occurrence and practical significance in some Ameri- 
can woods. " Jour. Agric. Research, vol. 1, no. 6, p. 462-464, March 25, 1914. 
c Ahern, G. P. Important Philippine woods. 112 pp., col. pis. Forestry Bur., 
Manila, P. I., January 2, 1901. See p. 91. 
