BIOLOGY OF THE TERMITES OF THE EASTERN UNITED STATES. 81 
Hemlock and redwood a are badly honeycombed by our native 
species of termites on the Pacific coast, and California white cedar 
is honeycombed by the termites of the Pacific coast. 
European cypress (Cupressus sempervirens Linn.) is reported b 
damaged by termites at Rochefort, France. 
Cedrus deodar, from India, and Cedrus atlantica, of the mountains 
of northern Africa, are reported to be immune ( ?) to termite attack. 
Red "deal" is less liable to attack than white "deal." c 
The following three species of wood remained untouched by ter- 
mites for three year's in the District of Pretoria, Transvaal: d " Lead- 
wood" (Combretum prophyrolepsis) , " black ironwood " (Olealauri- 
folia) , ' ' vaalbosch " (Brachylsena discolor) . 
In case of certain species of pines, with an extremely resinous heart- 
wood, as the "fatwood" of the longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) of the 
Southern States, while termites honeycomb the sapwood, the heart- 
wood apparently is resistant. Odenbach states that turpentine is 
very repellent to termites in artificial nests. In southern Rhodesia e 
the wood of the "mopani" tree (Copaifera mopani) withstands ter- 
mite attack for years, and is therefore very suitable for straining 
posts for fences, though unfortunately not a timber that can be cut 
and squared. 
Tests of the relative resistance of various native and exotic woods 
have been begun, but as yet no definite conclusions can be drawn. 
The heartwood of the following native species of wood is relatively 
more resistant to attack by our native termites: Black locust; black 
walnut f (cases on record where heavy beams supporting flooring in a 
building in Baltimore, Md., were completely honeycombed); eastern 
white cedar (Chamsecyparis thyoides); eastern red cedar or juniper; 
bald cypress of the Southern States; western red cedar (Thuja plicata) 
of Washington, Oregon, and California; incense cedar (Libocedrus 
decurrens) of Oregon and California; and Monterey cypress (Cupressus 
macrocarpa) of California. All these species of woods, however, are 
attacked by termites. 
a Parker, W. B. Loc. cit. 
b Hagen, H. A. Monographie der Termiten. Linnaea Entomologica, Bd. 10, 
p. 1-144, 1855. See p. 133. 
c French, C. Handbook of the destructive insects of Victoria, pt. 2, p. 141, Mel- 
bourne, 1893. 
d Howard, C. W., and Thomsen, F. Notes on termites. Transvaal Agr. Jour., v. 6, 
No. 21, p. 85-93, illus., October, 1907; v. 7, No. 27, p. 512-520, April, 1909; v. 8, No. 
29, p. 86-87, October, 1909. 
e Jack, R. W. Termites or "white ants." Rhodesia Agr. Jour., v. 10, No. 3, 
p. 393-407, pi., February, 1913. 
/ Impregnation of wood to resist insect attack. Amer. Lumberman, No. 2009^ 
p. 32, November 15, 1913. 
