LEAFHOPPEKS OF THE SUGAR BEET. 47 
was then called "blight" that it was not harvested. Many of the 
beets had died and the rest were small and stunted, while the leaf- 
hoppers could be swept up in numbers. 
In California " curly-leaf " conditions were seen by Professor Titus 
at Oxnard and Spreckels and reported to be quite serious on the higher 
lands back of Salinas. Whether this was the true " curly-leaf " or the 
type found there this year was not determined. 
In August, 1907, another trip was made by him through the same 
territory and a few specimens of Eutettix tenella taken at Payette, 
Idaho. Little damage was being done that season, but field men re- 
ported considerable loss in 1905 in both Payette and Blackfoot, Idaho. 
A few E. tenella were taken at Union, Oreg., and Echo, Oreg., in 
August, 1907, only slight damage shoAving in either place. Large 
nymphs were taken with the adults. 
In California a number of places were visited by Professor Titus in 
August, 1907, but no specimens of Eutettix taken. In September 
another trip through the California districts was made, and a few 
specimens of E. tenella were taken at Chino on the 13th. Xo very 
definite cases of " curly-leaf " were noticed. 
ECONOMIC SUMMARY AND PROPOSED REMEDIES. 
The " curly-leaf " condition or " blight " of the sugar beet, as it 
occurs in Utah and the surrounding region, appears soon after an 
attack of the beet leafhopper (Eutettix tenella Baker). Its severity 
is conditional upon the number of insects present, upon the time of 
their appearance, upon the size of the beets, and upon the temperature 
of the surface soil, together with the temperature and moisture of 
the surrounding air. 
More should be known about the places of hibernation and early 
spring history of this insect. It could not be found in the rubbish 
around the fields in early spring, and only a few specimens were found 
in waste places up to the time they appeared on the beets. When once 
the place where the greater number of them pass the winter is discov- 
ered, it may be possible to destroy them there or on their spring food 
plants before the}' migrate to the beets. After they have appeared 
on the beets it will be necessary to be very prompt in the matter of 
remedies if the injury is to be prevented. A thorough -praying with 
kerosene emulsion at a strength of 1 part of the stock solution " to .""> 
parts of water would destroy most of the insects that it hit. and by 
using a drag in front of the nozzles to turn the leaves over and cause 
the insects to jump, most of them could be reached. Where the insects 
"For directions regarding the preparation ami usi> of kerosene emulsion see 
Fanners' Bulletin 127, V . s. Dept of Agriculture, pp. 20-21, and Circular 80, 
Bureau of Entomology. 
