22 
SOME INSECTS INJUKIOUS TO TKUCK CROPS. 
leaden gray, and of old mounted material a duller gray, thickly dif- 
fused with black and brown dots and other markings more or less con- 
stant, forming irregular lines across both fore- wings and hind-wings. 
On both there is a marginal regular scalloped black line and within 
this a strongly dentate or zigzag white line. The general pattern of 
the wings varies considerably from that shown in figure 6, <z, which 
represents the female. The color of the body is similar to that of the 
wings. The first abdominal segment is white above. 
The sexes can be readily distinguished by the antennae. Those of 
the female are filiform and tessellated and those of the male rather 
strongly pectinate, or feathered. The structure of the latter is shown 
at e and /, figure 6. 
" It may be known," says Packard, " by the very distinct line at the 
base of the abdo- 
men, the basal 
wing beyond be- 
i n g usually 
white, and the 
underside of the 
wings having a 
broad marginal 
shade, while the 
third line on the 
fore- wing is 
deeply but quite 
regularly sinuate 
and near the 
costa acutely 
dentate." 
A number of 
Fig. 6.— The cranberry spanworm (Cleora pampinaria): a, Female moth; 
b, larva, dorsal view; c, larva, lateral view; d, pupa; e, male antenna; 
/, enlarged joints of same. All enlarged; e,f, more enlarged (original). 
synonyms are 
credited to Cle- 
ora pampinaria. It has indeed received five specific names. As three 
of these were given by Guenee, it is of itself indicative of the varia- 
tion of the moth. The list follows : 
Boarmia suUunaria Gn., Spec. & Gen., IX, 248 (1857) ; B. frugallaria Gn., 
Spec. & Gen., IX. 246 (1857) ; B. coUecta Wlk., Cat. Brit. Mus., XXI, p. 397 
(1860) ; Cleora tinctaria Wlk., Cat. Brit. Mus., XXI, p. 486 (1860) ; Boarmia 
fraudulentaria Zeller, Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, XXII, p. 492 (1872) ; Cymato- 
phora pampinaria Pack., Mem. Geom., p. 432 (1876). 
The egg appears not to have been described. 
The larva. — The larva resembles those of other geometrids in being 
of elongate form, about nine times as long as wide, with the three 
pairs of thoracic or front legs bunched closely together near the head, 
and in having only two pairs of prolegs, or unjpinted legs, at the 
