REMEDIAL MEASURES. 
07 
foliage of t He young vines. By June 30, when our attention was called 
to the infestation, the leaves of many of the plants were badly riddled 
by the beetles (see fig. 29). At our suggestion Mr. Pierce sprayed part 
of these young vines quite thoroughly, using Bordeaux mixture and 
3 pounds arsenate of lead to 50 gallons of the mixture. This applica- 
tion was made with a hand spray pump mounted on a grape wagon, 
and the spray was directed at the plants by a man following behind 
the wagon and carrying an extension rod with two nozzles at the end 
and connected with the spray pump by a long lead of hose. In this 
way 4 rows of vines could be treated from the wagon. The vines 
were sprayed on the afternoon of June 30. It should also be stated 
that the portion of the old vineyard not removed in the spring and 
adjoining the young vines was treated at the same time. On the 
afternoon of July 1 an examination was made of the effect of the 
treatment of the previous day. Only a few beetles were found on the 
young vines as compared with the large numbers present previous to 
the application of the poison spray. Close examination of the soil 
beneath the vines disclosed the presence of a large number of dead 
beetles. Eighteen dead beetles were found beneath one vine, and 
under a number of others from 3 to 10 dead beetles were found. In 
addition to this we observed that a small brown ant was very actively 
removing evidence of the direct effect of the poison by tearing to 
pieces the dead beetles and often dragging away the whole body of 
the beetle. Wing-covers, heads, and legs of several beetles were to be 
seen beneath a single vine, and in several cases ants were observed to 
attack the beetles before the}' were quite dead. 
A visit was also made to the old trellised vines adjoining them, 
anticipating evidence of a wholesale migration of beetles from the 
young vines to the denser foliage of the old vines. Such, however, 
was not the case; although there was evidence of considerable feed- 
ing at an earlier date, few beetles were now observed on the vines. 
Several dead beetles were found beneath these old vines, and frag- 
ments of beetles and their wing-covers were also observed. A few 
days later a second application of Bordeaux mixture and arsenate 
of lead was made on these vines to take care of later emerging beetles. 
On a visit to these young vines July 10 not more than 4 live beetles 
were observed, although more than an hour was spent in the block, 
and not a single dead beetle was found on the ground beneath the 
vines, although fragments of their bodies were in evidence. It' this 
timely application of a poison spray had not been made, the young 
vines would have been seriously injured by the feeding of the bee- 
tles; for it not infrequently happens that the beetles, where they 
are numerous and the foliage limited, as in this case, riddle the 
foliage and tear it into shreds until it has the appearance of being 
singed by fire. 
