REMEDIAL MEASURES. 
77 
The ground was plowed early in May and received three thorough 
cultivations during the summer. It should be observed at this 
point that this is by no means an attempt to solve the problem of 
vineyard fertilization, which belongs to the province of the horticul- 
turist, and that the results obtained on these plats are presented 
without comment upon this feature of the experiment, leaving the 
reader to draw his own conclusions. 
With the appearance of the first beetles all of the plats except the 
check plat received a thorough spraying with Bordeaux mixture and 
arsenate of lead, using the following formula: Copper sulphate, 4 
pounds; quicklime, 4 pounds: arsenate of lead, 3 pounds. A 
second spraying with the same ingredients was made ten days to 
two weeks later. (See exact dates on Table XXIX, showing egg 
deposition.) 
Table XXIX. — Effect of poison spray against the grape root-n orm as shown by relative 
occurrence of eggs on sprayed and unsprayed plats of the Porter vineyard during 1907, 
1908, and 1909, at North East, Pa. 
UN'S PRAYED PLAT. 
Year 
When exam- 
ined. 
Number of egg clusters found. 
Esti- 
mated 
num- 
ber 
of eggs. 
Num- 
ber 
of 
vines. 
Num- 
ber 
of 
canes. 
Average num- 
ber of eggs. 
Date of 
spray 
applica- 
tion. 
Large. 
Medi- 
um. 
Small. 
Total. 
Per 
vine. 
Per 
cane. 
1907. . 
Aug. 12,1907 
97 
1.50 
238 
485 
11.730 
2.5 
76 
469.2 
154. 37 
1908. . 
Julv 22.1908 
45 
91 
78 
214 
5, 7G0 
25 
76 
230. 4 
78.9 
1909. . 
Jufv 21.1909 
37 
56 
94 
187 
4,470 
25 
97 
178. 8 
46.08 
SPRAYED PLAT. 
Formula: 4 lbs. blue vitriol (copper sulphate), 4 lbs. lime, 3 lbs. arsenate of lead, 50 gallons water. 
1907. . 
Aug. 13,1907 
1 
21 
34 
50 
1,440 
25 
56 
57. 6 
.,. - fJuly 
\Julv 
13 
_>_> 
1908. . 
July 22,1908 
0 
10 
4 
14 
340 
25 
58 
13. 6 
r. s J June 
24 
2 
1909. . 
July 21,1908 
3 
8 
18 
400 
25 
117 
18.4 
q (July 
" |\July 
5 
16 
The spray applications were made with a gasoline-engine spraying 
outfit specially mounted for vineyard work (PI. X, fig. 2) haying an 
arrangement of fixed nozzles, three on each side, the two lower of 
which throw the spray on the side of the vines as the machine passes 
through the rows. The upper nozzle reaches out over the top of the 
row throwing the spray downward so that it covers the new growth 
at the top of the trellis. This downward direction of the spray to 
cover the new growth at the top of the trellis is highly desirable since' 
the beetles exhibit a tendency to feed more freely on this new growth, 
especially after the lower leaves have been coated with a poison spray. 
A pressure of from 100 to 125 pounds was maintained throughout 
