26 THE PERIODICAL CICADA. 
he saw a paragraph in the U. S. Gazette which reported the Cicadas to 
be in abundance on that island. 
From Pennsylvania Mr. Rathvon sent us (July 16, 1872) a diagram 
illustrating the extent of the brood as observed by him in 1872, viz : 
Franklin, Adams, York, Lancaster, and Chester Counties, the Cicadas 
being mostly confined to woody portions along streams. 
In Kentucky the brood was observed in the northwestern portion of 
the State, extending, according to the late Mr. V. T. Chambers, into the 
central portion beyond Lexington. According to newspaper items, the 
Cicadas were abundant in Richmond, Madison County, and Mr. T. W. 
Gordon, of Georgetown, Ohio, reported them from Maysville, Ky. The 
same gentleman stated also that his son caught several at Maysville in 
187 1, and these were no doubt forerunners of this brood. 
All reports we received from Ohio came from the southwestern corner 
of the State. On May 25 Dr. John A. Warder brought me specimens 
from Cleves, Hamilton County. Mr. C. L. James, of Waynes ville, War- 
ren County, said, in a letter of June 10, that "they are there in full 
force, but not so many as in 1855 ; that fungus disease attacked the 
females by thousands. The brood in 1838 exceeded anything he ever 
saw." In Brown County the brood was observed by Mr. T. W. Gordon, 
of Georgetown, and Mr. S. Shepherd, of Hennepin, 111., wrote me, on 
November 22, 1876, that he observed the brood in Brown County in 
1804 and 1821. An item of the Prairie Farmer Record, dated May 26, 
1872, and signed " D. M.," states u that the 17-year locusts are on hand 
in Clinton County." Finally Mr. Chambers (letter June 17,1872) stated 
tha. the Cicadas extended some miles northeast from Cincinnati. Thus 
the brood is now fully confirmed in Ohio, though its eastward extension 
in that State still remains rather indefinite. 
The isolated localities in North Carolina mentioned in the above quo- 
tation from my first Missouri report were not confirmed in 1872, which 
is an additional proof that the Cicadas which appeared there in 1855 be- 
long to Brood XVIII. Nor did I get any news from the isolated local- 
ity in West Virginia mentioned above, though an eastward extension 
of the brood through eastern Kentucky to southern West Virginia is by 
no means impossible. 
The most interesting result of the observations in 1872 is, however, 
the fact that this brood has a much greater westward extension than 
was previously supposed. In Indiana, Mr. O. S. Westcott, a well-known 
entomologist, found the Cicadas all along the Evansville and Craw- 
fordsville Railroad, extending from Evausville certainly as far as Terre 
Haute, but not reaching east as far as Shoals, in Martin County. From 
Illinois another trustworthy observer, Mr. S. Shepherd, formerly resid- 
ing in Brown County, Ohio, but having afterward moved to Hennepin, 
Putnam County, Illinois, wrote me on November 22, J 876, that he saw 
this brood at his present residence in 1838 and 1855. This occurrence 
of the brood in Illinois was also confirmed by a newspaper item from 
