CHRONOLOGICAL ACCOUNT OF DIFFERENT BROODS. 31 
1878. — The most compact body of this brood appears to be in Iowa, 
where its appearance in 1878 was carefully studied by Prof C. E. Bes- 
sey, then of the Agricultural College at Ames. He illustrated the 
region occupied by the Cicadas in 1878 by a map attached to tin- Iowa 
Weather Bulletin for November. 1878, and treats more fully of the dis- 
tribution of this and other broods in his State, in an article published 
in the American Entomologist, vol. Ill, p. 27, the article being also 
companied by a map. Professor Bessey gives there a list of counties in 
which the Cicadas were observed in 1878, and sums up the result as 
follows : iw Twenty-eight counties were reported as having more or less 
of the Cicadas in 1878, and they are seen on the map to occupy a ! 
area extending from the southeastern portion of the State northwest- 
ward up the Des Moines River. This area includes several counties 
from which no replies have been received, but in which doubtless the 
Cicadas appeared ; these added to the reported counties make the whole 
number thirty- three or thirty-four, or say, one-third of the State. A 
careful calculation shows this area to include from 18,000 to 20,000 
square miles. Its northern, or more properly, its northeasterly margin 
is parallel with the Des Moines River, and distant from it about 50 
miles, running from near the city of Muscatiue to Hamilton County, 
when it bends off southwestwardly to Cass County and thence to the 
State line4n Decatur County. That part of the area lying southward, 
or southwestward of the Des Moines River is considerably broader than 
that on the northeast, being from 60 to 70 miles in width. ,? In connec- 
tion with these publications Professor Bessey states that the brood of 
1878 was generally less numerous that year than at its preceding ap- 
pearance in 1861 ; and, further, that it overlaps the brood of 1871 
(Brood V) along the lower course of the Iowa River. 
From these well-established data regarding this brood in Iowa one 
would suppose that it must occupy many of the northernmost counties 
of Missouri, but neither from that State nor from Illinois did I receive 
any reports in 1878. The detached locality in central Ohio has also re- 
mained without confirmation. 
Brood XIV—Septendecim—l&19, L896. 
In the year 1879, and at intervals of 1? years thereafter, they will, in all proba- 
bility appear in the whole of western Missouri, commencing south about Johnson 
and Saline Counties, and extending in a northwesterly direction to Lawrence and 
above, in Kansas, south to Arkansas, and west an unknown distance into Kansas: 
also in central Ohio. 
The occurrence of this brood in 1845 am! 186S is well remembered by several of my 
correspondents and is recorded 1»,\ Dr. Smith. At Saint .J<>>i-]>h. in Buchanan County, 
Missouri, Cicadas were Dot so thick in 1862 as in 1861. Had it been the reverse, or, in 
otlu-r words, had they been more numerous in 1862 than in 1861, 1 Bhould have been 
inclined to record the visit of 1861 as hut a precursor to this Brood X: hut as it is. 
I believe the rwo broods are distinct, and that they occur for two consecutive years 
both in central (>hio and in portions of northwestern Missouri. 
This hrood has not been traced further east in Missouri than Saline County, and 
