3<) THE PERIODICAL CICADA. 
New Jersey, as Mr. M. S. Crane, of Caldwell, Essex County, found speci- 
mens near his place on May 30. In Lis letter of August 3, 1881, he says: 
" Several days before May 30 I had heard their shrill a few times, and 
an occasional one was heard for a week or so afterward." In Pennsyl- 
vania they were observed in small numbers near Germantown by Mr. 
Henry C. Haines (letter of June 24, 1881). In the eastern States this 
brood evidently does not appear in very numerous swarms, the main 
body being apparently in Wisconsin and perhaps farther west. That 
this brood occurs west of Wisconsin is rendered very probable by the 
following communication by James C. Merrill, captain and assistant 
surgeon, U. S. A., from Fort Custer, Montana Territory, dated July 11, 
1881 : " During a collecting trip to the Big Horn Mountains, early iu 
June, I found the Cicada extremely abundant on the northern slope of 
this range. They were most common at a height of about 4,500 feet, 
thence upwards about 1,500 feet to the lower growths of pines, where 
a few only were found. Their favorite resorts were in patches of cherry 
brush, each little bush having from two or three to a dozen or more 
Cicadas upon it ; and in riding through such places the noise of these 
insects was almost deafening. They do not appear to. occur far from 
the mountains, even along the streams flowing out. They were observed 
on both sides of the Montana-Wyoming line. Their presence seems to 
be appreciated by the trout, which would refuse even their favorite 
grasshoppers for the Cicada." 
Brood XVIII.— Tredecim— 1861, 1894. 
In the year 1881, and at intervals of 13 years thereafter, they will, in all prohability, 
appear in southern Illinois, throughout Missouri, with the exception of the north- 
western corner, in Louisiana, Arkansas, Indian Territory, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mis- 
sissippi, Alabama, Georgia, and North and South Caroliuas. 
Though, as already stated, I published the first account ever given of the existence 
of a 13-year brood,* yet, besides the others mentioned in this chronology, this particu- 
lar brood has been traced since as having occurred in the. years 1816, 1829, 1842, 1855, 
and 1868; and Mr. L. W. Lyon, at the July (1868) meeting of the Alton (111.) Horti- 
cultural Society, even meutioned its appearance iu 1803. 
In Missouri it occurs more or less throughout the whole State, with the exception 
of the northwest corner, that is bounded on the east by Grand River and on the south 
by the Missouri River, t The southeast part of the State, where Dr. Smith has re- 
corded it since 1829, is most thickly occupied. I enumerate those counties in which 
there is undoubted evidence of their appearance during the present year (1868) viz : 
Audrain, Bollinger, Benton, Clark, Chariton, Callaway, Cooper, Cole, Franklin, 
Gasconade, Iron, Jefferson, Knox, Lewis, Marion, Macon, Morgan, Moniteau, Pike, 
Phelps, Pulaski, Polk, Pettis, Schuyler, Saint Charles, Saint Louis, Saint Francois, 
Saint Clair, Warren, and Washington. 
* See note, p. 5, for facts ascertained since the above was written. 
tAs Mr. William Kaucher, of Oregon, Holt County, saw a few individuals in the 
northeastern part of Buchanan County in 1855, it may occur in small numbers in dis- 
tricts even north of the Missouri River. 
