29 
LEPIDOPTERA (BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS). 
The caterpillars and cocoons of these insects are known to all. The 
caterpillars differ from the grubs of beetles in that the}^ have on the 
under side two rows of prolegs — fleshy, wart-like structures that serve 
to support the posterior part of the body. The injuries caused by 
these insects are made by the caterpillar. These have biting mouth- 
parts that nip out tiny pieces of the leaf or wood, which is then 
chewed and swallowed. The more injurious forms that are liable 
to be transported on nursery stock may be arranged as follows: 
1. Feeding within the trunk Peach-tree borer. 
Feeding within the twigs or leaf -shoots. Peach twig-borer. 
Feeding upon the leaves 2. 
2. The insect covered by a case Bagworm, leaf-crumpler, pistol-case bearer, 
cigar-case bearer. 
The insect not covered 1 >y a case 3. 
3. Making tents or nests Apple-tree tent caterpillar, fall web worm, brown- 
tail moth, leaf-crumpler, and bud moth. 
Without tents 4. 
4. Hairy caterpillars .Tussock moth, gipsy moth. 
Bare caterpillars Canker worms. 
THE APPLE-TREE TENT CATERPILLAR. 
(Clisiocampa americana Harr — fig. 19.) 
Fig. 19. — Clisiocampa americana: a, b, caterpillars; c, egg-mass, d, pupa, c, female, /, male. (Riley.) 
The webs or tents of this caterpillar are frequently found on orchard 
and nursery trees in May and June. The caterpillars use this tent as 
