LIFE HISTORY AND MABTTS I THE PUPA. 
89 
In Table XLV are shown results from three root cages. In the 
first the soil was kept normally moist; the second one was moist at 
the beginning of the experiment but was allowed to dry out; in the 
third cage the soil was dry at the start. June 4, 20 larvae were added 
to cage I, 20 to cage II, and 12 to cage III. 
Table XLV. — Effect of moisture on transformations of the plum curculio in the ground, 
Barnesville, Ga., 1010. 
No. of 
larvae. 
Treatment. 
Date 
larvae 
entered 
soil. 
Date of 
pupation. 
Life of 
larvse 
in soil. 
Date of 
transfor- 
mation. 
Pupal 
stage. 
Adult 
left soil. 
Life as 
adult 
in soil. 
Total 
life in 
soil. 
1 
2 
3 
Soil kept normally 
moist. 
June 4 
...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
! ...do 
...do.... 
1... do.... 
June 14 
...do 
...do 
...do 
June 15 
...do 
...do 
June 16 
June 18 
...do 
June 19 
June 20 
July 3 
Day*. 
10 
10 
10 
10 
11 
11 
11 
12 
14 
14 
15 
16 
29 
June 23 
June 22 
June 23 
...do 
...do 
June 22 
June 23 
June 24 
June 26 
...do 
June 27 
June 28 
July 11 
Days. 
9 
8 
9 
9 
8 
7 
8 
8 
8 
8 
8 
8 
8 
July 3 
...do 
Days. 
10 
n 
Bays. 
29 
29 
4 
5 
6 
July 3 
June 30 
nt 
7 
29 
26 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
June 29 
July l 
...do 
July 4 
6 
7 
5 
8 
25 
27 
27 
30 
12 
13 
July 7 
9 
33 
13 
Total 
173 
13. 30 
106 
8.15 
73 2S5 
Average 
8.11 
28. 33 
June 4 
...do.... 
...do ... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
...do.... 
....do.... 
June 13 
...do 
...do 
June 14 
...do 
...do 
...do 
June 15 
...do 
June 16 
June 22 
...do 
...do 
June 23 
June 22 
June 23 
...do 
...do 
June 24 
June 27 
1 
At start soil nor- 
mally moisl but 
allowed to dry 
out. 
Total 
9 
9 
9 
10 
10 
10 
10 
11 
11 
12 
101 
10.1 
9 
9 
9 
9 
8 
9 
9 
2 
3 
4 
July 4 
12 
30 
5 1 
6 
7 
8 
8 
9 
9 
11 
10 
10 
90 
9.0 
12 
12 
30 
Average 
June 23 
...do 
30 
-Soil entirely dry. . 
Total 
/June 4 
\...do.... 
June 14 
...do 
1 
10 
10 
20 
10 
9 
9 
2 
2 
IS 
9 
Average 
As will be seen, 13 larvae in cage I entered the soil and reached the 
pupal stage; only 9 adults, however, emerged. In cage II, 10 larvae 
passed the pupal stage, but only one adult succeeded in emerging. 
In the third cage most of the larvae were unable to work themselves 
below the soil to any extent on account of dryness of earth, and by 
June 13 several were found dead, evidently drying up. Only two 
individuals reached the pupal stage, and no adults emerged. 
A series of observations was started on Larvae placed in soil in jelly 
glasses, as detailed in Table XL VI. 
