85 
nating generation in the cotton belt, and this period for northern 
localities is still greater. 
Data collected at the laboratory for over a hundred individuals at 
different times during the season are summarized in the following table: 
Table XXXII. — Duration of pupal stage. 
Larva in 
soil. 
Moth 
emerged. 
Aver- 
age 
time. 
Pupal 
stage. 
Effect- 
ive 
temper- 
ature. 
Larva in 
soil. 
Moth 
emerged. 
Effect- 
ive 
temper- 
ature. 
May 8-10 . . . 
May 13-16 .. 
May 19 
May 21-22 . . 
May 26 
May 30-31 .'. 
June 3-4 ... . 
June 10 
June 15 
May 31 
June 2-6... 
June 7-9 ... 
June 6-10- . 
June 11-15. 
June 17-20. 
June 20 
June 24 .... 
June 24- 
Julv 3. 
Days. 
22 
20i 
20 
18 
I7i 
19 
16i 
14 
15 
Days. 
""il" 
16 
13 
13 
662 
770 
653 
598.6 
615 
665 
605 
530 
588 
June 18-21. 
July 18 .... 
i July 27-29 . 
Aug. 5 
Aug. 8 
Aug. 17-19 . 
Sept. 7 
Sept. 20 ... . 
Sept. 29.... 
July 4-7 
Aug.2 
Aug. 12-15 . 
Aug. 20 .... 
Aug. 25 
Sept. 1-3 .. . 
Sept. 20 ... . 
Oct. 16 
Oct. 23 
Days, i Days. 
15 ' 
14i ; 
16 
- 15 j 
m ^ 
15 
17 ' 16 
26 
25 ' 20 
1 
° F. 
621 
607 
631 
606 
708 
639 
621 
885 
724 
It will be noticed that the records ii,i the third column include the 
time between the entrance of the larva into the soil and the emergence 
of the moth, while the time for the true pupal stage, shown in the 
The exact time is usually hard to 
fourth column, is somewhat less. 
Fig. 10.— Chart showing relative length of pupal stage during season of 1904, Paris, Tex. (original). 
determine, however, without disturbing the pupa concealed in its cell. 
Under normal conditions the quiescent stage, after the burrow is 
completed, lasts from a few hours to five days. 
The comparative length throughout the season at Paris, Tex., of 
the stage passed in the ground is shown in figure 10. 
During 1903 a series of pupae observed at Calvert, Tex., passed 
through this stage in ten and a half days, a shorter period than any 
observed at Paris, due no doubt to the more southern locality. 
