39 
Under this head may be mentioned a machine constructed by Mr. Kim- 
ball 0. Attwood, of Syracuse, New York (patent No. 193,105, dated July 
17, 1877), for destroying the insects by sulphur fumes. The machine is 
too expensive and complicated to come into general use, especially as 
it is less effectual than some of the simpler ones. The principle of the 
invention consists in attaching to the axle of the machine a light stove 
and connecting the same with a blower or bellows by means of a tube. 
Surmounting this tube, and close to the stove, is situated the hopper 
for the reception of the destroying compound (sulphur), while the lower 
section of the stove is connected with an escape-pipe having attached 
thereto a series of flexible tubes, by means of which the fumes of the 
compound are carried to the ground. Attached by suitable means to 
the rear of the axle is a horizontal bar, to which is secured the apron or 
cover designed to prevent the escape of the fumes after being delivered 
by the flexible tubes. 
Other machines have been constructed, having troughs or wire re- 
ceptacles attached, in which the locusts are deposited and ultimately 
destroyed by means of sulphur fumes or hot water. But as these rem- 
edies are applied by hand, they will be classed under the head of Catch- 
ing, etc. 
(2) Crushing. — The satisfactory destruction of locusts by this means 
can only be advantageously accomplished where the ground is smooth 
and hard. Where the surface of the ground presents this character, 
heavy rolling can be successfully employed, especially in the mornings 
and evenings of the first 8 or 10 days after the newly hatched young 
have made their appearance, as they are generally sluggish during those 
times, and huddle together until after sunrise. It is also advantage- 
ously employed during cold weather at any time of day, since the young 
when the temperature is low seek shelter under clods, etc. In various 
parts of Europe aud Asia flat, wooden, spade- like implements are ex- 
tensively used for crushing young locusts. Large brushes, weighted 
down with stone and drawn by horses, were in some instances used last 
summer, but with less success than was anticipated. 
Several machines, most of them patented, were for the first time used 
during the past year to further the crushing of the young, and while 
none of them are likely to take the place of the more simple methods 
of catching, to be presently described, we nevertheless feel that it de- 
volves upon us to describe some of them. That represented on PL I was 
invented by Mr. George B. Drum, of Syracuse, Nebraska (patent No. 
187,258, dated February 13, 1877). Fig. 7 is a vertical section on line 
x. Fig. 6 is a plan view with a part of the top removed, showing the 
mechanism. 
Another is that invented by Mr. Michael H. Simpson, of Boston, Mas- 
sachusetts (patent No. 198,420, dated December 18, 1877). PI. n, Fig. 1, 
represents a perspective view of the machine; PI. n, Fig. 2, a sectional 
view of the same as shown in the preceding; and PI. n, Fig. 3, a sec- 
tional view of the same arranged for the removal of the insects. 
