43 
include wild sunflower, Cleome, pea, and leaves of apple as food plants, 
the data having been derived from observations communicated by Pro- 
fessor Gillette. It is stated that this species evidently hibernates as a 
moth, and at least two generations of larvse may be expected each 
year — the first about June, and the second in August. 
A similar account to the last is given by Prof. E. D. Sanderson in 
"Insects Injurious to Staple Crops," page 262. 
An account of this species and its habits, as occurring in Europe, 
was given in 1893 b} T Dr. Ernst Hofmann in "Die Raupen der Gross- 
Schmetterlinge Europas," page 109. This includes a characterization 
of the genus and descriptions of all stages, with figures of the egg and 
larva. 
The following synonymical list is furnished by Hampson (Fauna 
British India, Moths, Vol. II, 1891, p. 259): 
Caradrina orbicularis, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 294. 
Caradrina venosa, Butl. Ent. Mo. Mag. xvii, p. 7; C. & S., no. 2115. 
Spodoptera cilium, Guen. Noct. i, p. 156; C. & S., no. 2117. 
Spodoptera insulsa, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 648. 
Spodoptera erica, Butl. P. Z. S., 1880, p. 675. 
Laphygma cycloides, Guen. Noct. i, p. 157. 
Laphygma macra, Guen. Noct. i, p. 157. 
Laphygma? caradrinoides, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 190. 
Caradrina flavimaculata, Harv., Grote, New Check-list, p. 30. 
Caradrina insignata, C. & S., no. 2112 (nee Wlk.). 
Huebner's description appeared some time in the early part of the 
century in Sammlung europaischer Schmetterlinge, Noct. fig. 362. 
This publication, however, is not available at the present writing, and 
the exact date of its issuance can not be determined. 
RECENT DIVISIONAL REPORTS OF INJURY. 
The first intimation that the writer had of the occurrence of the 
beet army worm in injurious numbers in this country was received 
through Prof. J. B. Smith, who wrote in February, 1900, that it had 
been reported by Professor Gillette as destructive in Colorado during 
the season of 1899. In response to inquiry, Professor Gillette wrote that 
there had been a considerable outbreak in Colorado during that sum- 
mer, and prior to that season only three specimens of the insect hacl 
been present in the college collection. The caterpillars were very 
abundant during August at Grand Junction, Palisades, Delta, and 
Montrose, and specimens of the insect were also received from Rocky- 
ford, where they were reported to depredate on beets. Hundreds 
of acres of beets were not harvested because of the ravages of this 
species in the region about Grand Junction. 
It was noticed that but little destruction of the last brood by insect 
enemies was observed, and that the moths appeared during the latter 
part of August and September in prodigious numbers. 
