84 
brush this affords a line shelter against storms and cold. A very 
large percentage of injury to cabbage in the spring (and this is the 
time when the principal damage by the imported cabbage worm is 
done) could be avoided by treating the cabbage freely with Paris green, 
and the same applies to stalks left in the field for sprouts. Stalks that 
are not needed for this purpose should be pulled up and burned as 
rapidly as their uselessness is manifest, and all rubbish should be 
destroyed in the immediate vicinity of the gardens. 
Not alone cabbage, but all other crucifers should be freely poisoned, 
and if this were practiced over considerable areas the effect the follow- 
ing spring would soon be observable. If plant-lice are found to be at 
work, kerosene emulsion should also be applied to the crucifers where 
this would not interfere with their food qualities. Where the cabbage 
is destined to be soon eaten, pyrethrum. or Persian insect powder, 
should be applied. 
It does not seem that the present methods of growing late crucifers 
has any appreciable effect upon the development of the harlequin bug, 
but care should be used not to permit accumulations where the insects 
can hibernate, and a trap crop of kale should always be left in the 
field, or planted as early as possible in the spring, and from this trap 
crop the insects can be collected, or after the main portion of it is 
taken out for use the remainder can be burned, with the insects ^ hich 
it contains. 
In one field recently visited in the latter days of April, a patch of 
about half an acre of kale was found to be infested rather freely along- 
one side by harlequin bugs. The gardener was advised to burn this 
side of the patch, using straw to facilitate the operation. This was 
done, and when the garden was visited two weeks later not a single 
specimen of the bugs could be found in a walk about this patch. The 
same was true of the cabbage grown in the same vicinity. 
THE SEED-CORN MAGGOT. 
{Phorfna jusdceps Zett. i 
For a number of years economic entomologists in several portions 
of this country and Canada have had frequent complaints of injuries 
bv a mao-o-ot working on young gfrowinff beans. .More recently this 
maggot has been found to destroy peas in the same manner. 
Considerable doubt has been expressed in some early publications 
on this insect as to its identity, whether it is the same specie- as the 
cabbage root maggot or specifically distinct. This was caused by the 
fact that both species attack the roots of cabbage, sometime- acting in 
concert and by the further fact that the group to which these insects 
belong, two-winged flies of the family Anthomyiidse, had not been 
carefully studied. The species under discus-ion. known by several 
popular names besides seed-corn maggot, including " bean fly," has 
