86 
The pwparium (It) is barrel-shaped, of elliptical outline, and light 
brown in color. It measures about three-twentieths of an inch (4 mra ) 
and is about one-third that in diameter. 
DISTRIBUTION. 
The fact of this fly having been described first in Germany in 1845 
and of its not having been identified in this country until more than a 
decade later is indicative of European origin. It appears to have been 
first recognized in New York State by Dr. Fitch in the year 1856. 
Like so many other flies, it ranges through several life areas, and we 
know of its occurrence in Canada and Minnesota, southward to the 
Gulf, and westward to the Pacific. 
The following list of localities has been compiled from published 
records and from specimens in the National Museum: 
Holderness and White Mountains, N. H.; Beverly, Mass.; Greenport, Ithaca, 
Long Island, Albany (?), and Elmira, N. Y. ; Ridgewood, Palisades, Atlantic High- 
lands, Westville, Jamesburg, and Riverton, N. J.; Travilah, Md.; Washington and 
Benning, D. C; Falls Church, Va.; Van Wert County, Ohio; Lexington, Ky.; 
Tippecanoe County, Ind. ; Algonquin and Altamont, 111. ; Grand Rapids, Mich. ; 
Plainfield, Wis. ; Park Rapids, Wadena, Alexandria, Camden Place, Rockport, and 
St. Paul, Minn.; University, N. Dak.; Tabor, Iowa; Nebraska; Hiawatha, Lawrence, 
and Parsons, Kans. ; Eureka, Mo.; South Carolina; Augusta, Meansville, and 
Atlanta, Ga. ; Florida; Auburn and Boligee, Ala.; Mississippi; Shreveport, La.; 
Rollover and College Station, Tex.; Las Cruces and Beulah, N. Mex.; Salida, Colo.; 
Los Angeles, Gal.-; Ottawa, Ontario, and Chateauguay Basin, Quebec; Lambton 
County, Aitkens Ferry, and Prince Edward Island, Cinada. 
RECENT OCCURRENCES. 
During 1899 this fly was found in privies and reared sparingly with 
other insects inhabiting human excrement. (Howard, Proc. Wash. 
Acad. Sci., Vol. II, p. 5&±.) January 4 it was reared from cabbage 
received from Augusta, Ga., and infested also with the imported cab- 
bage web worm {Hellula iindalis). 
March 27 we received specimens of the larva from Mr. F. S. Earle, 
Auburn, Ala., who wrote that the species was destroying a planting 
of garden peas at that place, eating out and boring the underground 
stems of young plants, sometimes destroying the plant before it could 
get above ground. April 2 he wrote that an entire planting of peas 
had been destroyed. The previous year he lost many plants of snap 
beans in much the same manner, attributing the loss to the same 
species. 
June 23 the writer reared a considerable number of the flies from 
beans in a somewhat novel manner, and one that suggests itself as of 
considerable utility in rearing root-feeding species. In the course of 
experiments it was found necessary to place gauze frames over several 
hills of beans on an experimental plat. These were left in place for a 
