90 
many beans did not germinate at all, owing to the fact that the maggot 
ate the interior of the seed, while many stems failed to develop 
through the destruction of the central portion of them. Professor 
Lochhead was of the opinion that injury might have been due to deep 
planting. The note in question, 31st Rept. Ent. Soc. Ont. for 1900 
(1901, p. 73), was illustrated with a figure adapted from Dr. Lugger's. 
A review of the known history of this species was given by Dr. Lint- 
ner in 1882 (1st Rpt. Ins. N. Y., pp. 181-181), and later, in 1891, Mr. 
Slingerland gave a similar review (Bui. 78, Cor. Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta., 
1894, pp. 499-501). Dr. Forbes also published an account in 1894 
(18th Rpt. St. Ent. 111. for 1891 and 1892, pp. 16-19), which includes 
a few notes on occurrences in the seed of corn and dates of rearing, 
and detailed descriptions of the larva, puparium, and imago, with 
original illustrations. Some shorter accounts have been published 
that add little to our knowledge of this seed maggot. 
Although this insect is not restricted to either corn or beans, it 
seems to the writer that the name ; * .seed-corn maggot,'' bestowed upon 
it } r ears ago by Dr. Riley, may be retained in preference to ''Fringed 
An thorny iian," which has recently been proposed. It has priority, 
and the latter name would not be apt to be adopted b}^ the average 
person engaged in agriculture. 
The following are among the synonyms of Phorbia fusciceps Zett. : 
Aricia fusciceps Zett., 1845; Hylemyia deceptiva Fitch, 1856; Chortophila cilicrura 
Rond., 1866; Anthomyia ' zeie Riley, 1869; Anthomyia radicum var. calopteni Riley, 
1877; Anthomyia angustifrons Meigen, 1878; Phorbia cilicrura Rond (Meade), 1883. 
SUMMARY OF FOOD HABITS. 
From what has been related of the habits of this species it will be 
seen that real injury is practically confined to planted seeds and very 
y T oung sprouting plants, particularly of Indian corn and beans of dif- 
ferent kinds. When young plants of bean, corn, and cabbage are not 
available it will attack other plants, and future study will undoubtedly 
show that it has a wide range of these. Peas are attacked in the same 
manner, but this does not appear to have previously been recorded. 
It ma} T be, from the fact of Fitch finding the flies so abundantly in wheat 
fields, that the insect also attacks sprouting wheat, as the fact that 
injury has not been detected is no indication that attack is not made. 
There is little doubt that beets are attacked. Turnips and radish are 
known to be infested, and it seems more than probable that the insect 
may feed on decaying vegetable and perhaps animal matter, as the 
larvae are so frequently found on such portions of plants as have first 
been attacked by other insects. The rearing of the fly from galls on 
poplar, previously mentioned, is an unusual indication of the last-men- 
tioned habit. Dr. Rile3^s account of the species having been bene- 
ficial upward of a quarter of a century ago by feeding upon locust 
