EEME0IAL MEASUEES. 
5Y 
NICOTINE SULPHATE. 
Some seeds were soaked overnight in nicotine sulphate and dried 
before planting. This sulphate, which is advertised to contain 40 
per cent nicotine, is a dark, viscous liquid and smells very strongly 
- of nicotine. When used pure it tended to rot many of the seeds- 
The best germination results were obtained when it was diluted 
' about one-half with water. The summary shows that it could not 
be recommended as a deterrent. 
. Table IX. — Experiments ivith nicotine sulphate ns a deterrent against the sugar-beet 
W ivireivorm . 
Larvae 
used. 
Seeds 
used. 
Seeds attacked— 
Seeds un- 
touched. 
Larvae 
missing. 
Larvae 
killed by 
fungus. 
Dura- 
tion of 
test. 
Before 
germina- 
tion. 
After 
germina- 
tion. 
50 
50 
25 
25 
25 
25 
15 
15 
10 
10 
10 
10 
8 
10 
6 
10 
8 
7 
3 
2 

2 




1 

1 
4 


2 
1 
1 
1 
(i 

Days. 
20 
Check 
Experiment 
20 
30 
Check 
30 
30 
Check 
30 
free nicotine. 
Seeds were soaked in nicotine solution overnight. This fluid, 
which contains free nicotine in water, has a very sharp nicotine odor 
and is also 40 per cent nicotine. As the results obtained in two out 
of the three tests were negative, its value as a deterrent must be 
slight. Some of the bean seeds were riddled by the wire worms. 
The results are shown below: 
Table X. — Experiments tvithfree nicotine as a deterrent against the sugar-beet wireworm. 
Larvae 
used. 
Seeds 
used. 
Seeds attacked — 
Seeds un- 
touched. 
Larvae 
missing. 
Larvae 
killed by 
fungus. 
Dura- 
tion of 
test. 
Before 
germina- 
tion. 
After 
germina- 
tion. 
Experiment 
Check. 
50 
50 
25 
25 
25 
25 
15 
15 
10 
10 
10 
10 
4 
3 
3 
5 
4 
7 
4 
3 
2 
2 
2 
4 
8 
4 
3 
1 
4 


3 
1 

5 
3 


1 
2 

Days. 
20 
20 
Experiment 
30 
Check 
30 
30 
Check. . 
30 
CRESOL. 
Cresol, so-called coal-tar creosote, was tried in these experiments 
because it is used quite successfully in keeping dermestid larvae out 
of collections. It is a thin liquid, rather dark in color, and with a 
strong tarry odor. The seeds were soaked in it overnight. The 
