INSECTS AFFECTING VEGETABLES. 
grains of earth. From the time of hatching until fully mature, the 
larvae are pale green, but while engaged in constructing their cocoons 
(fig. 2, h) , they change to a reddish pink. They usually pupate about 
2 days after entering the soil, and the adults issue from 7 to 13 days 
later, thus completing a generation in from 22 to 31 days. (See 
pupa and details, fig. 2, /, g.) 
The climate of Hawaii is so 
equable that this pest is enabled 
to breed continuously, and it is 
possible that ten or twelve gen- 
erations might be produced an- 
nually. Owing to the overlap- 
ping of broods and to the fact 
that eggs, larvae, pupse, and 
adults are to be found at almost 
any time, it is practically impos- 
sible to work out the number of 
generations for a given year 
from field observations alone. 1 
Beginning in July, 1910, and 
continuing past the middle of 
January, 1911, the author reared 
this species through six genera- 
tions in the insectary. The rec- 
ords of five of these generations 
r en below. The actual 
Fig. 2. — Hawaiian beet webworm : a. Egg on 
leaf ; 6, larva, dorsal view ; c, larva, bead 
and first tboracic segment ; d, abdominal 
segment, lateral view ; e, anal segment ; /,, 
pnpa, lateral view ; g, cremaster ; h, co- 
coon. All enlarged. (Original.) 
and is not included in this paper. 
are giv 
first (July- August) generation 
was reared from larvae which 
were collected in the field, and 
as the egg stage was. not ob- 
tained the record is incomplete 
For the sake of convenience the 
August- September generation is mentioned as the first, although, 
in reality, it was the second, 
in direct line of. descent. 
The five following generations are 
FIRST GENERATION. 
August 20. — At this date four moths were collected in the field and confined 
in a cage. 
August 25 First eggs deposited. 
August 29 The eggs hatched. 
September 7 First larvae reached maturity. 
September 9 First larva? pupated. 
September 16 First adults issued. 
1 It is not probable, however, that more than six generations can be produced succes- 
sively, beginning with one pair of moths, since insects in general, in the writer's experience, 
always undergo a resting stage — sometimes two. — F. H. Chittenden. 
