64 PAPERS ON INSECTS AFFECTING VEGETABLES. 
These mixtures have been applied to sugar beets with various types 
of sprayers (figs. 15-22) at the rate of from 80 to 125 gallons per acre, 
and the results have been uniformly successful in controlling the web- 
worms. As a rule, 100 gallons per acre should be applied and the 
spraying commenced as soon as possible after the webworms have 
hatched. Where possible the spray should be applied at about 80 
pounds pressure, although the writer has observed good results where 
only 40 to 50 pounds pressure was maintained. The leaves of sugar 
beets are quite smooth, and in order to apply an even coat of poison it 
is necessary to add some adhesive to the spray mixture. In the 
writer's experience nothing has proven more satisfactory for this 
Fig. 15. — Barrel sprayer suitable for use against the sugar-beet webworm. (Original.) 
purpose than whale-oil soap. If it is not obtainable, ordinary laun- 
dry soap may be used with about equally beneficial results, although 
it is more expensive. Lime, as recommended in formula Xo. 2, serves 
to an extent as an adhesive and has the additional effect of neutraliz- 
ing any free arsenic which may be j:>resent in the Paris green. Lime, 
however, renders the mixture somewhat caustic, and this formula is 
less pleasant to use than is one in which soap is used as the adhesive 
agent. 
Refuse molasses from the beet-sugar factories was given extensive 
tests as a substitute for soap, and Avhen used at the rate of from 3 
to 6 gallons in 100 gallons of mixture it served as an effective ad- 
hesive. The molasses, however, contains a considerable amount of 
