46 NATUEAL CONTEOL OF WHITE ELIES IE" ELOEIDA. 
thoroughly Diackened as any to be found in the State and in 1908 
was only slightly improved. In Lee County the hammock groves 
located near the Caloosahatchee and Orange Rivers have been much 
less uniform than hammock groves in Manatee County as regards the 
efficacy of the fungous parasites. It has been more frequent to find 
very effective work by the fungi in one section of a grove, while 
another section of the same grove has been heavily infested and 
thoroughly blackened. On the whole the average condition in these 
groves in Manatee and Lee counties has conformed entirely to the 
estimates given in previous publications; in effect, that the efficacy 
of the fungi amounts to about one-third of a complete remedy. 
In the interior of the State, in high pine land groves, the natural 
efficacy of the fungous parasites appears to be somewhat less than in 
the hammock groves referred to. Prof. Gossard mentioned the 
presence of the red and the brown fungi at Orlando in his annual 
report for the year ending June, 1901. 1 According to an authentic 
report, the grove of Hon. J. M. Cheney (grove Xo. 3 of Table I, and 
No. 1 of Tables II and IX) at Orlando was one of the earliest in that 
section to become infected with the red and the brown fungi. This 
introduction was not later than 1901. In 1907 the grove was entirely 
free from sooty mold, as noted in the discussion of unexplained mor- 
tality. This was the first year that the fruit had not been generally 
blackened since the introduction of the fungi, and the fungous diseases 
in this case were not responsible. In 1908 and 1909 the trees and 
fruit were very black, while by the end of the latter season the insects 
had been reduced in an entirely satisfactory manner. While we 
have no record concerning the condition of the crop for 1910 in this 
grove, it may be said without hesitancy that if not clean it was due 
to the interference with the efficacy of the fungi by adult white flies 
migrating from other groves or from China and umbrella trees. 
Without doubt China and umbrella trees have seriously interfered 
with the natural efficacy of the fungous parasites in Orlando and other 
cities and towns in Florida, but at the most the natural efficacy of 
the fungous parasites at Orlando and at similar locations apparently 
will not equal the natural efficacy in the hammock groves of Manatee 
and Lee counties. 
COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT SPECIES OF PARASITIC FUNGI. 
In the preceding topics, under the general heading of natural effi- 
cacy, the brown, red, and yellow parasitic fungi have been discussed 
collectively. All other species so far reported as white-fly parasites 
are of negligible value, as shown elsewhere. The brown fungus has 
long been considered as more effective than the red fungus against 
the citrus white fly. This estimate is in accordance with our obser- 
i Kept. Fla. Agr. Exp. Sta., p. 65, 1901. 
